VANIN-1 a biomarker for survival in PAD

VANIN-1 a biomarker for survival in PAD – Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a condition characterized by the narrowing of the peripheral arteries, often due to atherosclerosis, which reduces blood flow to the limbs, particularly the legs (1). This can lead to symptoms such as leg pain, cramping, and weakness during physical activity. In more severe cases, PAD can result in critical limb ischemia, ulcers, or even gangrene. It is closely associated with cardiovascular conditions and risk factors, including high blood pressure, diabetes, and chronic kidney disease.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) significantly increases the risk of developing peripheral artery disease (PAD) and is also a common co-morbidity factor that is associated with PAD (2). Despite its clinical significance, there is currently no specific marker available for conducting a functional risk assessment of kidney disease patients suffering from peripheral artery disease (PAD), particularly in the early stages.

VANIN-1 a biomarker for survival in PAD 

In search of novel biomarkers that may serve as tools of risk assessment, Zierfuss B. and colleagues investigated the relationship between urinany Vanin-1 (uVNN-1) as a marker of kidney disease and PAD severity (3). The study included patients with stable PAD (n = 304) who were followed up for up to 10 years. Urinary Vanin-1 (uVNN1) was measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) from Biomedica. Urinary Vanin-1 (uVNN1) concentration were normalized to urine creatinine levels (uVNN1/Cr).

The results of the study demonstrate that uVNN-1 is an independent link to both all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD). As a result, uVNN1/Cr may serve as a practical and accessible marker for risk stratification in early kidney disease patients with PAD, aiding in the identification of those patients who are at high risk for fatal events.

Human VANIN -1 (urine) ELISA Assay Kit  (cat. no. BI-VNN1)

• The assay is optimized for human urine samples
• Characterized antibodies enable high SPECIFICITY
• Rigorously validated assay following international quality guidelines
• Easy and quick one-step ELISA

 

 

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About Vanin-1 (VNN1)

Vascular non-inflammatory molecule-1 or VANIN-1 (VNN1) is a protein that is part of the Vanin family of enzymes that possesses pantetheinase activity and primarily carries out its physiological functions through the products of its enzyme catalysis, such as pantothenic acid and cysteamine. VNN1 is involved in various biological processes, including inflammation, oxidative stress, and tissue repair (4). Vanin-1 is primarily expressed in certain tissues, such as the liver, kidneys, and immune cells. The capacity of  VNN1 to influence various metabolic pathways and its role in oxidative stress in either worsening or alleviating pathological processes, has led to the hypothesis that it is a crucial factor in disease progression (5).

The potential of Vanin-1 as a marker of acute kidney injury and as a predictor of acute pyelonephritis in young children with urinary tract infection has been investigated, particularly as urinary VNN1 concentrations are higher in these patients (6, 7).

Literature

1. Peripheral Artery Disease: A Comprehensive Updated Review. Shamaki GR, Markson F, Soji-Ayoade D, Agwuegbo CC, Bamgbose MO, Tamunoinemi BM. Curr Probl Cardiol. 2022; 47(11):101082. doi: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2021.101082. PMID: 34906615.
2. The Impact of Chronic Kidney Disease on Peripheral Artery Disease and Peripheral Revascularization. Serra R, Bracale UM, Ielapi N, Del Guercio L, Di Taranto MD, Sodo M, Michael A, Faga T, Bevacqua E, Jiritano F, Serraino GF, Mastroroberto P, Provenzano M, Andreucci M.Int J Gen Med. 2021; 14:3749-3759. doi: 10.2147/IJGM.S322417. PMID: 34326661.
3. Urinary vanin-1 as a novel biomarker for survival in peripheral artery disease. Zierfuss B, Karlinger A, Bojic M, Koppensteiner R, Schernthaner GH, Höbaus C. Vasc Med. 2024; 29(4):390-397. doi: 10.1177/1358863X241240428. PMID: 38607943.
4. Vanin 1: Its Physiological Function and Role in Diseases. Bartucci R, Salvati A, Olinga P, Boersma YL. Int J Mol Sci. 2019; 20(16):3891. doi: 10.3390/ijms20163891. PMID: 31404995.
5. Vanin1 (VNN1) in chronic diseases: Future directions for targeted therapy. Yu H, Cui Y, Guo F, Zhu Y, Zhang X, Shang D, Dong D, Xiang H. Eur J Pharmacol. 2024; 962:176220. doi: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176220. PMID: 38042463.
6. Urinary vanin-1 for predicting acute pyelonephritis in young children with urinary tract infection: a pilot study. Krzemień G, Pańczyk-Tomaszewska M, Górska E, Szmigielska A Biomarkers. 2021; 26(4):318-324. doi: 10.1080/1354750X.2021.1893813. PMID: 33656956
7. A Novel Biomarker for Acute Kidney Injury, Vanin-1, for Obstructive Nephropathy: A Prospective Cohort Pilot Study. Washino S, Hosohata K, Oshima M, Okochi T, Konishi T, Nakamura Y, Saito K, Miyagawa T. Int J Mol Sci. 2019; 20(4):899. doi: 10.3390/ijms20040899. PMID: 30791405.