Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein Antibodies

Quantification and Clinical Relevance of Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein (oLAb) Antibodies

Oxidized LDL contains a vast and currently unknown variety of epitopes that trigger the production of antibodies against these molecules (1). Since the mid-1990s, we at BIOMEDICA have been a leader in developing the “oLAb” ELISA assay, designed to measure IgG antibodies to oxidized LDL, based on the research of Tatzber and Esterbauer from 1995 (2). Utilizing this methodology, numerous studies have been conducted over the past several decades, yielding insights into the immunological aspects of oxidative stress in various diseases, contributing to advancements in medicine and human health (1-5).  Oxidized LDL antibodies (oLAb) have been regarded as indicators of the immune response to the oxidation of low density lipoprotein (oxLDL). Investigators have discussed that measuring oxLDL antibodies might provide a more accurate reflection of oxidative stress levels than measuring oxidized LDL itself (6).

More about Oxidative Stress and Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein (oLAb) Antibodies

Oxidative Stress is an imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and the body’s ability to neutralize them, leading to cellular damage. It arises from both internal (e.g., mitochondrial respiration, metabolic processes) and external (e.g., pollution, UV radiation, poor diet) sources. The consequences include cellular damage, inflammation, and aging, contributing to diseases like cardiovascular illness, cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, and diabetes. The body employs enzymatic (e.g., superoxide dismutase, catalase) and non-enzymatic (e.g., vitamins C and E, glutathione) antioxidants to combat oxidative stress, which is crucial for maintaining health.

Autoantibodies against Oxidized LDL are antibodies produced by the immune system that specifically target oxidized low-density lipoprotein (LDL). Oxidized LDL plays a significant role in atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases, as it contributes to the formation of fatty plaques in arteries. The presence of these autoantibodies can indicate an autoimmune response and may serve as a biomarker for cardiovascular risk. They can also have protective or detrimental effects, depending on their concentration and context, influencing lipid metabolism and inflammation. Understanding these autoantibodies is crucial for developing potential diagnostic and therapeutic strategies in cardiovascular disease management.

Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein (oLAb) Antibodies

Autoantibodies targeting oxidatively modified LDL particles can easily be measured in serum with a commercial and standardized ELISA assay.

Anti-Oxidized LDL Antibody ELISA (oLAB) Assay (cat. no. BI-20032)

Features

• Standardized method with over 30 years’ experience in oLAB ELISA production
• Widely referenced

• Results in 2,5 hours
• 2 controls included

 

 

Conclusion

Over the last thirty years, the clinical significance and understanding of antibodies against oxidized low-density lipoproteins has evolved, offering valuable insights into their impact on cardiovascular health and disease. Progress in ELISA technology has been crucial for this research, facilitating in-depth analysis of these antibodies and paving the way for potential advancements in diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. As our understanding of oLAb continues to grow, their application in clinical practice and patient management remains a critical area of focus within cardiovascular research.

 

Related products

OxyStat Assay | BI-5007

Oxystat Oxidative Stress Test highlights:

• Determination of total oxidant capacity/status (TOC/TOS)
• Quick and easy assay to measure total peroxides in biological fluids

 

Literature

1. Antibodies against oxidized LDL-theory and clinical use. Steinerová A, Racek J, Stozický F, Zima T, Fialová L, Lapin A. Physiol Res. 2001;50(2):131-41. PMID: 11522041.
2. Transient reduction of autoantibodies against oxidized LDL in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Schumacher M, Eber B, Tatzber F, Kaufmann P, Halwachs G, Fruhwald FM, Zweiker R, Esterbauer H, Klein W. Free Radic Biol Med. 1995 Jun;18(6):1087-91. doi: 10.1016/0891-5849(94)00216-7. PMID: 7628731.
3. Overview of Clinical Relevance of Antibodies Against Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein (oLAb) Within Three Decades by ELISA Technology. Wonisch, W.; Tatzber, F.; Lindschinger, M.; Falk, A.; Resch, U.; Mörkl, S.; Zarkovic, N.; Cvirn, G. Antioxidants 2024, 13, 1560.
4. Antibodies against oxidized low density lipoproteins in pregnant women. Fialová L, Mikulíková L, Malbohan I, Benesová O, Stípek S, Zima T, Zwinger A. Physiol Res. 2002;51(4):355-61. PMID: 12449433.
5. Increased circulating oxidised low-density lipoprotein and antibodies to oxidised low-density lipoprotein in preeclampsia. Arifin R, Kyi WM, Che Yaakob CA, Yaacob NM. J Obstet Gynaecol. 2017 Jul;37(5):580-584. doi: 10.1080/01443615.2016.1269227. Epub 2017 Mar 30. PMID: 28358592.
6. Low-density lipoprotein oxidation biomarkers in human health and disease and effects of bioactive compounds. Winklhofer-Roob BM, Faustmann G, Roob JM. Free Radic Biol Med. 2017 Oct;111:38-86. doi: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2017.04.345. Epub 2017 Apr 26. PMID: 28456641.