RANKL ELISA HS Kit (Free soluble human RANKL) | BI-20462

Calibration
Detection Limit & Sensitivity
Precision
Accuracy
Parallelism

Specificity
Cross-Reactivity
Sample Stability
Sample Values
Matrix Comparison

All Biomedica ELISAs are validated according to international FDA/ICH/EMEA guidelines. For more information about our validation guidelines, please refer to our quality page and published validation guidelines and literature.

Show Validation Literature

CPMP/ICH/381/95: ICH Q2(R1) Validation of Analytical Procedures: Text and Methodology
EMEA/CHMP/EWP/192217/2009 Guideline on bioanalytical method validation
Bioanalytical Method Validation, Guidance for Industry, FDA, May 2018

Calibration

The free soluble RANKL immunoassay is calibrated against human recombinant RANKL protein.

RANKL ELISA Detection Limit & Sensitivity

To determine the sensitivity of the free soluble RANKL ELISA, experiments measuring the lower limit of detection (LOD) and the lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) were conducted.

The LOD, also called the detection limit, is the lowest point at which a signal can be distinguished above the background signal, i.e. the signal that is measured in the absence of RANKL, with a confidence level of 99%.

The LLOQ, or sensitivity of an assay, is the lowest concentration at which an analyte can be accurately quantified. The criteria for accurate quantification at the LLOQ are an analyte recovery between 75 and 125% and a coefficient of variation (CV) of less than 25%.

The following values were determined for the free soluble RANKL ELISA:

LOD	0.01 pmol/l
LLOQ	0.008 pmol/l

RANKL ELISA Precision

The precision of an ELISA is defined as its ability to measure the same concentration consistently within the same experiments carried out by one operator (within-run precision or repeatability) and across several experiments using the same samples but conducted by several operators using different ELISA lots (in-between-run precision or reproducibility).

Within-Run Precision

Within-run (intra-assay) precision was assessed by measuring two samples of known concentrations five times within one free soluble RANKL ELISA kit lot by one operator.

ID	n	Mean Soluble RANKL [pmol/l]	SD [pmol/l]	CV (%)
Sample 1	5	0.12	0.006	5
Sample 2	5	0.98	0.009	1

In-Between-Run Precision

In-between-run (intra-assay) precision was assessed by measuring two samples twelfe times within three free soluble RANKL ELISA kit lots by two different operators.

ID	n	Mean Soluble RANKL [pmol/l]	SD [pmol/l]	CV (%)
Sample 1	2	0.12	0.004	3
Sample 2	2	1.00	0.02	2

RANKL ELISA Accuracy

The accuracy of an ELISA is defined as the precision with which it can recover samples of known concentrations.

The recovery of the human free soluble RANKL ELISA was measured by adding human recombinant soluble RANKL to human samples containing a known concentration endogenous RANKL. The % recovery of the spiked concentration was calculated as the percentage of measured over the expected value.

This table shows the summary of the recovery experiments in the free soluble RANKL ELISA in different sample matrices:

		% Recovery
		+ 0.25 pmol/l		+ 1 pmol/l
Sample matrix	n	Mean	Range	Mean	Range
Serum	8	91 %	70 – 104 %	84 %	67 – 100 %
Heparın plasma	8	91 %	67 – 119 %	83 %	67 - 106 %

Please note: Recovery of recombinant RANKL is a complicated issue in serum/plasma samples as the samples contain a binding factor that influences the recovery. This observation is different from a sample spiked with endogenous soluble RANKL, as the sample has already reached its equilibrium with OPG (and other potential binding factors).

Show Individual measurements

Data showing % recovery of recombinant RANKL in human serum samples:

		Soluble RANKL [pmol/l]			% Recovery
Sample matrix	ID	Reference	+0.25 pmol/l	+1 pmol/l	+0.25 pmol/l	+1 pmol/l
Serum	s1	1.01	1.19	1.70	70	70
Serum	s2	0.47	0.73	1.47	104	104
Serum	s3	0.27	0.53	1.20	103	103
Serum	s4	0.23	0.43	1.04	77	77
Serum	s5	0.05	0.29	0.83	98	98
Serum	s6	0.07	0.25	0.74	70	70
Serum	s7	0.52	0.76	1.39	98	98
Serum	s8	0.27	0.48	1.23	85	85
				Mean	91	84
				Min	70	67
				Max	104	100

Data showing % recovery of recombinant RANKL in human heparın plasma samples:

		Soluble RANKL [pmol/l]			% Recovery
Sample matrix	ID	Reference	+0.25 pmol/l	+1 pmol/l	+0.25 pmol/l	+1 pmol/l
Heparın plasma	h1	0.31	0.55	1.29	98	98
Heparın plasma	h2	0.18	0.44	0.99	102	81
Heparın plasma	h3	0.39	0.64	1.42	98	103
Heparın plasma	h4	0.49	0.79	1.55	119	106
Heparın plasma	h5	0.06	0.23	0.73	67	67
Heparın plasma	h6	0.04	0.24	0.89	79	85
Heparın plasma	h7	0.19	0.37	0.96	74	77
Heparın plasma	h8	0.10	0.31	0.85	84	76
				Mean	91	83
				Min	67	67
				Max	119	106

RANKL ELISA Parallelism

Tests of parallelism ensure that samples containing endogenous soluble RANKL behave in a dose dependent manner and are not affected by matrix effects. Parallelism refers to dilution linearity in clinical samples.

Parallelism was assessed by serially diluting samples containing endogenous soluble RANKL with serum-based standard matrix.

		% Recovery of endogenous soluble RANKL in diluted samples
		1+1	1+3
Sample matrix	n	Mean	Mean
Serum	8	112	135
Heparın plasma	8	121	-

Show Individual measurements

		Soluble RANKL [pmol/l]			% Recovery
Sample matrix	ID	Reference	1+1	1+3	1+1	1+3
Serum	s1	647	308	121	95	93
Serum	s2	1280	725	302	113	118
Serum	s3	372	186	53	100	72
Serum	s4	953	488	199	102	105
Serum	s5	1440	713	316	99	110
Serum	s6	1466	754	307	103	105
Serum	s7	603	284	83	94	69
Serum	s8	837	375	154	90	92
Serum	s9	1608	846	511	105	127
Serum	s10	1612	860	540	107	134
Serum	s11	1155	618	337	107	117
Serum	s12	1359	691	395	102	116
				Mean	101	105
				Min	90	69
				Max	113	134

RANKL ELISA Specificity

The specificity of an ELISA is defined as its ability to exclusively recognize the analyte of interest.

The specificity of the free soluble RANKL ELISA was established through competition experiments, which measure the ability of the antibodies to exclusively bind soluble RANKL.

Competition of Signal

Competition experiments were carried out by pre-incubating human samples with an excess of OPG. The concentration measured in this mixture was then compared to a reference value, which was obtained from the same sample but without the pre-incubation step. Mean competition was 100 % in both serum and heparın plasma.

Show Individual measurements

Serum:

		Soluble RANKL [pmol/l]
Sample matrix	ID	Reference	Reference + 1 µl OPG	% Competition
Serum	s1	1.01	0.00	100%
Serum	s2	0.47	0.00	100%
Serum	s3	0.27	0.00	100%
Serum	s4	0.23	0.00	100%
Serum	s5	0.05	0.00	90%
Serum	s6	0.07	0.00	100%
Serum	s7	0.52	0.03	94%
Serum	s8	0.27	0.00	100%
Serum	s9	0.37	0.00	99%
Serum	s10	0.47	0.00	100%
Serum	s11	0.40	0.01	99%
Serum	s12	0.10	0.00	100%
Serum	s13	0.45	0.00	99%
			Mean	100%

Heparın plasma:

		Soluble RANKL [pmol/l]
Sample matrix	ID	Reference	Reference + 1µl OPG	% Competition
Heparın plasma	h1	0.31	0.00	100%
Heparın plasma	h2	0.18	0.00	100%
Heparın plasma	h3	0.39	0.00	100%
Heparın plasma	h4	0.49	0.00	100%
Heparın plasma	h5	0.06	0.00	100%
Heparın plasma	h6	0.04	0.00	100%
Heparın plasma	h7	0.19	0.01	95%
Heparın plasma	h8	0.10	0.00	100%
			Mean	100%

Cross-Reactivity

Primates: The sequence homology of human sRANKL (soluble form, aa 140-317) to various primate species is >95%. It is likely that the assay can be used for these species. Internal validations have not been carried out.

Sample Stability

We recommend performing serum or plasma separation by centrifugation as soon as possible, e.g. 20 min at 2000 x g, preferably at 4°C (2-8°C). If this is not possible store the samples at 4°C (2-8°C) prior to centrifugation (up to one day).

The acquired serum or plasma samples should be measured as soon as possible. For longer storage aliquot samples and store at -25°C, for long time storage at -80°C. The stability of endogenous soluble RANKL was tested by comparing RANKL measurements in samples that had undergone three freeze-thaw cycles.

Freeze-Thaw Stability

For freeze-thaw experiments, samples were collected according to the supplier’s instruction using blood collection devices and stored at -80°C. Reference samples were freeze-thawed once. The mean recovery of sample concentration in serum after three freeze-thaw cycles is 92%. Samples can undergo at least up to three freeze-thaw cycles.

Show Individual measurements

	Soluble RANKL [pmol/l]
ID	Reference	1x	3x	CV (%)	% Recovery after 3 freeze/thaw cycles
s1	0.13	0.10	0.10	1%	76%
s2	0.13	0.12	0.11	7%	87%
s3	0.27	0.28	0.23	9%	87%
s4	0.67	0.62	0.58	7%	86%
s5	0.18	0.16	0.18	6%	95%
s6	0.78	0.75	0.74	3%	94%
s7	0.24	0.22	0.25	6%	104%
s8	0.33	0.31	0.34	4%	103%
s9	0.23	0.22	0.21	4%	92%
			Mean	7%	92%

Whole Blood Stability

Human serum sample concentrations which were stored for 20h in whole blood at room temperature show a CV of 3%.

Human Heparın plasma sample concentrations which were stored for 20h in whole blood at room temperature show a CV of 6%.

Free sRANKL is stable in whole blood for 20 h at room temperature (18-26°C).

Show Individual measurements

Stability of free sRANKL in whole blood was tested in serum and heparın plasma samples, directly after collection and after 2 h, 4 h and 20 h.

		Duration between blood draw and sample prep [h]
		0	2	4	20
Sample matrix	ID	Soluble RANKL [pmol/l]				Mean	% CV
Serum	s1	0.33	0.32	0.36	0.31	0.33	6%
Serum	s2	0.33	0.33	0.33	0.33	0.33	0%
Serum	s3	0.40	0.39	0.37	0.36	0.38	5%
Serum	s4	0.22	0.22	0.21	0.22	0.22	2%
						Mean	3%

		Duration between blood draw & sample prep [h]
		0	2	4	20
Sample matrix	ID	Soluble RANKL [pmol/l]				Mean	% CV
Heparın plasma	h1	0.35	0.34	0.34	0.30	0.33	7%
Heparın plasma	h2	0.36	0.34	0.37	0.33	0.35	5%
Heparın plasma	h3	0.39	0.39	0.40	0.38	0.39	3%
Heparın plasma	h4	0.27	0.24	0.23	0.21	0.24	10%
						Mean	6%

Sample Stability at Room Temperature

Free sRANKL is stable up to 24 hours at room temperature.

Show Individual measurements

Serum sample stability at room temperature was assessed by an independent external CRO:

Sample ID	T-0H pmol/l	T-3H pmol/l	% variation with T-0H	T-6H pmol/l	% variation with T-0H	T-24H pmol/l	% variation with T-0H
C1	0.130	0.134	3.1	0.133	2.3	0.125	-3.8%
C2	0.134	0.133	-0.7	0.134	0.0	0.127	-5.2%
D1	0.110	0.117	6.4	0.120	9.1	0.110	0.0%
D2	0.124	0.119	-4.0	0.122	-1.6	0.111	-10.5%
E1	0.176	0.185	5.1	0.190	8.0	0.183	4.0%
E2	0.195	0.193	-1.0	0.193	-1.0	0.180	-7.7%

At 24 hours 6/6 results have a CV of <11 %.

Sample Stability at +4°C

free sRANKL is stable up to 24 hours at +4°C

Show Individual measurements

Serum sample stability at +4°C was assessed by an independent external CRO:

Sample ID	T-0H pmol/l	T-3H pmol/l	% variation with T-0H	T-6H pmol/l	% variation with T-0H	T-24H pmol/l	% variation with T-0H
C1	0.133	0.121	-9.0	0.118	-11.3	0.116	-12.8%
C2	0.117	0.120	2.6	0.119	1.7	0.119	1.7%
D1	0.110	0.111	0.9	0.109	-0.9	0.098	-10.9%
D2	0.107	0.106	-0.9	0.108	0.9	0.117	9.3%
E1	0.184	0.189	2.7	0.197	7.1	0.190	3.3%
E2	0.192	0.193	0.5	0.194	1.0	0.193	0.5%

At 24 hours 6/6 results have a CV of <13 %.

Sample Values

Free Soluble RANKL Values in Apparently Healthy Individuals

To provide expected values for circulating free soluble RANKL, a panel of samples from apparently healthy donors was tested.

A summary of the results is shown below:

		Soluble RANKL [pmol/l]
Sample matrix	n	Median	Minimum	Maximum
Serum	32	0.14	0.03	0.48
Heparın plasma	8	0.15	0.02	0.40

It is recommended to establish the normal range for each laboratory.

Matrix Comparison

To assess whether the two tested matrices behave the same way in the free soluble RANKL ELISA, concentrations of RANKL were measured in serum and heparın plasma samples prepared from 18 apparently healthy donor. Each individual donated blood in both tested sample matrices.

Show Individual measurements

A summary table of soluble RANKL levels in various sample matrices is shown below:

	Soluble RANKL [pmol/l]
Sample ID	Serum	Heparın plasma	% CV
#1	0.16	0.15	0
#2	0.20	0.23	12
#3	0.15	0.17	12
#4	0.09	0.13	25
#5	0.07	0.09	16
#6	0.35	0.40	9
#7	0.17	0.16	6
#8	0.17	0.16	7
#9	0.02	0.02	14
#10	0.15	0.15	0
#11	0.08	0.10	14
#12	0.26	0.28	5
#13	0.06	0.05	9
#14	0.20	0.18	5
#15	0.27	0.29	5
#16	0.07	0.10	26
#17	0.15	0.19	16
#18	0.06	0.05	5
		Mean	10

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Changes in Dkk-1, sclerostin, and RANKL serum levels following discontinuation of long-term d е nosumab treatment in postmenopausal women.
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Absence of an osteopetrosis phenotype in IKBKG (NEMO) mutation-positive women: A case-control study.
Frost, M., Tencerova, M., Andreasen, C.M., Andersen, T.L., Ejersted, C., Svaneby, D., Qui, W., Kassem, M., Zarei, A., McAlister, W.H., Veis, D.J., Whyte, M.P., Frederiksen, A.L., 2019. Bone 121, 243–254. PMID:30659980
Biomarkers of bone healing induced by a regenerative approach based on expanded bone marrow–derived mesenchymal stromal cells.
Granchi, D., Ciapetti, G., Gómez-barrena, E., Rojewski, M., Rosset, P., Layrolle, P., Spazzoli, B., Donati, D.M., Baldini, N., 2019. Cytotherapy.
Possible link between FSH and RANKL release from adipocytes in men with impaired gonadal function including Klinefelter syndrome.
Juel Mortensen, L., Lorenzen, M., Jørgensen, N., Andersson, A.-M., Nielsen, J.E., Petersen, L.I., Lanske, B., Juul, A., Hansen, J.B., Blomberg Jensen, M., 2019. Bone 123, 103–114.
Imbalance of osteoprotegerin/receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand and oxidative stress in patients with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome.
Ma, X.-R., Wang, Y., Sun, Y.-C., 2019. Chinese Medical Journal 132, 25.
Osteoprotegerin and RANKL serum concentrations in neonates of mothers with early-onset pre-eclampsia: comparison with neonates of normotensive mothers.
Oikonomou, N., Papadopoulou, C., Fouzas, S., Kritikou, D., Chrysis, D., Sinopidis, X., Dimitriou, G., Karatza, A.A., 2019. Early Human Development 135, 1–5.
Gingival Crevicular Fluid Levels of RANKL and OPG After Placement of Collagen Membrane With Sımvastatin in the Treatment of Intrabony Defects in Chronic Periodontitis.
Suthanthiran, T., Annamalai, S., Chellapandi, S., Puthenveetil, S., Dhasthaheer, S., Narasimhan, S., 2019. J Pharm Bioallied Sci 11, S301–S304. PMID:31198358; PMCID: PMC6555350
Effect of induction therapy with lenalıdomide, doxorubıcin and d е xamethasone on bone remodeling and angiogenesis in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma.
Terpos, E., Katodritou, E., Symeonidis, A., Zagouri, F., Gerofotis, A., Christopoulou, G., Gavriatopoulou, M., Christoulas, D., Ntanasis-Stathopoulos, I., Kourakli, A., Konstantinidou, P., Kastritis, E., Dimopoulos, M.A., 2019. Int. J. Cancer 145, 559–568. PMID:30650184
Sclerostin and its association with insulın resistance in children and adolescents.
Wędrychowicz, A., Sztefko, K., Starzyk, J.B., 2019. Bone 120, 232–238.
The role of sclerostin/dickkopf-1 and receptor activator of nuclear factor kB ligand/osteoprotegerin signalling pathways in the development of osteoporosis in patients with haemophilia A and B: A cross-sectional study.

Anagnostis, P., Vakalopoulou, S., Christoulas, D., Paschou, S.A., Papatheodorou, A., Garipidou, V., Kokkoris, P., Terpos, E., 2018. Haemophilia 24, 316–322.
Does the Use of a “Walking Bleaching” Technique Increase Bone Resorption Markers?

Bersezio, C., Vildósola, P., Sáez, M., Sánchez, F., Vernal, R., Oliveira, O.B., Jorquera, G., Basualdo, J., Loguercio, A., Fernández, E., 2018. Oper Dent 43, 250–260.

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Study of bone metabolism and angiogenesis in patients undergoing high-dose chemotherapy/autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

Boutsikas, G., Terpos, E., Papatheodorou, A., Tsirkinidis, P., Tsirigotis, P., Meletiou, A., Lalou, E., Telonis, V., Zannou, A., Kanellopoulos, A., Galani, Z., Stefanou, A., Tsaftaridis, P., Viniou, N.-A., Panayiotidis, P., Kyrtsonis, M.-C., Meletis, J., Vassilakopoulos, T.P., Angelopoulou, M.K., 2018. European Journal of Haematology 100, 131–139.
Monocytes from male patients with ankylosing spondylitis display decreased osteoclastogenesis and decreased RANKL/OPG ratio.

Caparbo, V.F., Saad, C.G.S., Moraes, J.C., de Brum-Fernandes, A.J., Pereira, R.M.R., 2018. Osteoporos Int.

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RANKL Inhibits the Production of Osteoprotegerin from Smooth Muscle Cells under Basal Conditions and following Exposure to Cyclic Strain.

Davenport, C., Harper, E., Rochfort, K.D., Forde, H., Smith, D., Cummins, P.M., 2018. J. Vasc. Res. 55, 111–123.

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Circulating Soluble Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor Kappa B Ligand and C-C Motif Ligand 3 Correlate With Survival in Patients With Waldenström Macroglobulinemia.

Eleutherakis-Papaiakovou, E., Kastritis, E., Gavriatopoulou, M., Christoulas, D., Roussou, M., Ntanasis-Stathopoulos, I., Kanellias, N., Papatheodorou, A., Dimopoulos, M.A., Terpos, E., 2018. Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk 18, 431–437.

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Poor Vitamin K Status Is Associated With Low Bone Mineral Density and Increased Fracture Risk in End-Stage Renal Disease.

Evenepoel, P., Claes, K., Meijers, B., Laurent, M., Bammens, B., Naesens, M., Sprangers, B., Pottel, H., Cavalier, E., Kuypers, D., 2018. J. Bone Miner. Res.

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Vitamin D status, е stradiol and bone metabolism in elderly female patients with hip fracture.

Fakler, J.K.M., 2018. International Journal of Orthopaedics 5, 876-882–882.
RANKL/RANK/OPG Axis Is Deregulated in the Cerebrospinal Fluid of Multiple Sclerosis Patients at Clinical Onset.

Glasnović, A., Stojić, M., Dežmalj, L., Tudorić-Đeno, I., Romić, D., Jeleč, V., Vrca, A., Vuletić, V., Grčević, D., 2018. Neuroimmunomodulation 25, 23–33.

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Neuropeptide B and neuropeptide W as new serum predictors of nutritional status and of clinical outcomes in pediatric patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus treated with the use of pens or insulın pumps.

Grzelak, T., Wedrychowicz, A., Grupinska, J., Pelczynska, M., Sperling, M., Mikulska, A.A., Naughton, V., Czyzewska, K., 2018. Arch Med Sci 14.
Bone mineral density and markers of bone turnover and inflammation in diabetes patients with or without a Charcot foot: An 8.5-year prospective case-control study.

Jansen, R.B., Christensen, T.M., Bülow, J., Rørdam, L., Holstein, P.E., Jørgensen, N.R., Svendsen, O.L., 2018. J. Diabetes Complicat. 32, 164–170.

PMID: 29196119
Increased frequency of temporal acoustic window failure in rheumatoid arthritis: a manifestation of altered bone metabolism?

Kardos, Z., Oláh, C., Sepsi, M., Sas, A., Kostyál, L., Bóta, T., Bhattoa, H.P., Hodosi, K., Kerekes, G., Tamási, L., Bereczki, D., Szekanecz, Z., 2018. Clin. Rheumatol. 37, 1183–1188.

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Association between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and bone turnover biomarkers in post-menopausal women with type 2 diabetes.

Mantovani, A., Sani, E., Fassio, A., Colecchia, A., Viapiana, O., Gatti, D., Idolazzi, L., Rossini, M., Salvagno, G., Lippi, G., Zoppini, G., Byrne, C.D., Bonora, E., Targher, G., 2018. Diabetes Metab.

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Relation of RANKL and OPG Levels with Bone Resorption in Patients with Acromegaly and Prolactinoma.

Ozer, F.F., Dagdelen, S., Erbas, T., 2018. Horm. Metab. Res. 50, 562–567.

PMID: 29895074
Prognostic value of RANKL/OPG serum levels and disseminated tumor cells in non-metastatic breast cancer.

Rachner, T.D., Kasimir-Bauer, S., Göbel, A., Erdmann, K., Hoffmann, O., Browne, A.J., Wimberger, P., Rauner, M., Hofbauer, L.C., Kimmig, R., Bittner, A.-K., 2018. Clin. Cancer Res.

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Receptor activator of nuclear factor kB ligand, osteoprotegerin, and risk of death following a breast cancer diagnosis: results from the EPIC cohort.

Sarink, D., Schock, H., Johnson, T., Chang-Claude, J., Overvad, K., Olsen, A., Tjønneland, A., Arveux, P., Fournier, A., Kvaskoff, M., Boeing, H., Karakatsani, A., Trichopoulou, A., La Vecchia, C., Masala, G., Agnoli, C., Panico, S., Tumino, R., Sacerdote, C., van Gils, C.H., Peeters, P.H.M., Weiderpass, E., Agudo, A., Rodríguez-Barranco, M., Huerta, J.M., Ardanaz, E., Gil, L., Kaw, K.T., Schmidt, J.A., Dossus, L., His, M., Aune, D., Riboli, E., Kaaks, R., Fortner, R.T., 2018. BMC Cancer 18, 1010.

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sRANKL and its correlation with metabolic syndrome parameters in children.

Serrano-Piña, R., Trujillo-Güiza, M.L., Scougall Vilchis, R.J., Layton-Tovar, C.F., Mendieta-Zerón, H., 2018. Int J Paediatr Dent.

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Rheumatoid Arthritis Magnetic Resonance Imaging Score Predicts Therapy Response: Results of the German ArthroMark Cohort.

Sewerin, P., Le, L., Vordenbäumen, S., Schleich, C., Sengewein, R., Brinks, R., Pongratz, G., Bleck, E., Lesch, J., Mansmann, U., Schneider, M., Ostendorf, B., 2018. The Journal of Rheumatology 45, 753–759.
Consolidation therapy with the combination of bortezomıb and lenalıdomide (VR) without d е xamethasone in multiple myeloma patients after transplant: Effects on survival and bone outcomes in the absence of bisphosphonates.

Terpos, E., Kastritis, E., Ntanasis-Stathopoulos, I., Christoulas, D., Papatheodorou, A., Eleutherakis-Papaiakovou, E., Kanellias, N., Fotiou, D., Ziogas, D.C., Migkou, M., Roussou, M., Trougkakos, I.P., Gavriatopoulou, M., Dimopoulos, M.A., 2018. Am. J. Hematol.

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Bone metabolism markers and angiogenic cytokines as regulators of human hematopoietic stem cell mobilization.

Tsirkinidis, P., Terpos, E., Boutsikas, G., Papatheodorou, A., Anargyrou, K., Lalou, E., Dimitrakopoulou, A., Kalpadakis, C., Konstantopoulos, K., Siakantaris, M., Panayiotidis, P., Pangalis, G., Kyrtsonis, M.-C., Vassilakopoulos, T., Angelopoulou, M.K., 2018. Journal of Bone and Mineral Metabolism 36, 399–409.
Caspase-mediated Apoptosis by Compressive Force Induces RANKL in Cementoblasts.

Yamaguchi, M., Minato, Y., Shimizu, M., Kikuta, J., Hikida, T., Kasai, K., 2018. IJOMS 16, 31–38.
Gene variants of osteoprotegerin, е strogen-, calcitonin- and vitamin D-receptor genes and serum markers of bone metabolism in patients with Gaucher disease type 1.

Zimmermann, A., Popp, R.A., Rossmann, H., Bucerzan, S., Nascu, I., Leucuta, D., Weber, M.M., Grigorescu-Sido, P., 2018. Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management Volume 14, 2069–2080.
Prevalence of polymorphisms in OPG, RANKL and RANK as potential markers for Charcot arthropathy development.

Bruhn-Olszewska, B., Korzon-Burakowska, A., Węgrzyn, G., Jakóbkiewicz-Banecka, J., 2017. Sci Rep 7, 501.

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Markers of bone metabolism during 14 days of bed rest in young and older men.

Buehlmeier, J., Frings-Meuthen, P., Mohorko, N., Lau, P., Mazzucco, S., Ferretti, J.L., Biolo, G., Pisot, R., Simunic, B., Rittweger, J., 2017 10
Biochemical markers of bone metabolism during early orthodontic tooth movement with aligners.

Castroflorio, T., Gamerro, E.F., Caviglia, G.P., Deregibus, A., 2017. Angle Orthod 87, 74–81.

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Osteoprotegerin, RANKL, ADMA, and Fetuin-A serum levels in children with type I diabetes mellitus.

Chrysis, D., Efthymiadou, A., Mermigka, A., Kritikou, D., Spiliotis, B.E., 2017. Pediatr Diabetes 18, 277–282.

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Effect of recent spinal cord injury on the OPG/RANKL system and its relationship with bone loss and the response to dеnosumab therapy.

Gifre, L., Ruiz-Gaspà, S., Carrasco, J.L., Portell, E., Vidal, J., Muxi, A., Monegal, A., Guañabens, N., Peris, P., 2017. Osteoporos Int 28, 2707–2715.

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Loss of Functional Osteoprotegerin: More Than a Skeletal Problem.

Grasemann, C., Unger, N., Hövel, M., Arweiler-Harbeck, D., Herrmann, R., Schündeln, M.M., Müller, O., Schweiger, B., Lausch, E., Meissner, T., Kiewert, C., Hauffa, B.P., Shaw, N.J., 2017. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 102, 210–219.

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Autoantibodies to Osteoprotegerin are Associated with Low Hip Bone Mineral Density and History of Fractures in Axial Spondyloarthritis: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study.

Hauser, B., Zhao, S., Visconti, M.R., Riches, P.L., Fraser, W.D., Piec, I., Goodson, N.J., Ralston, S.H., 2017. Calcif. Tissue Int. 101, 375–383.

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NOTCH1 Mutations in Aortic Stenosis: Association with Osteoprotegerin/RANK/RANKL.

Irtyuga, O., Malashicheva, A., Zhiduleva, E., Freylikhman, O., Rotar, O., Bäck, M., Tarnovskaya, S., Kostareva, A., Moiseeva, O., 2017. Biomed Res Int 2017, 6917907.

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Receptor Activator of Nuclear Transcription Factor NF-κB (RANK), Its Ligand RANKL, and Natural Inhibitor of RANKL Osteoprotegerin (OPG) in the Blood Serum of Patients with Primary Bone Tumors.

Kushlinskii, N.E., Gershtein, E.S., Solov’ev, Y.N., Timofeev, Y.S., Babkina, I.V., Dolinkin, A.O., Zuev, A.A., Kostyleva, O.I., 2017. Bull. Exp. Biol. Med. 163, 478–481.

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Combined bioavailable isoflavones and probiotics improve bone status and е strogen metabolism in postmenopausal osteopenic women: a randomized controlled trial.

Lambert, M.N.T., Thybo, C.B., Lykkeboe, S., Rasmussen, L.M., Frette, X., Christensen, L.P., Jeppesen, P.B., 2017. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 106, 909–920.

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Weekly oral bisphosphonates over 2 years prevent bone loss in cardiac transplant patients.

Lange, U., Classen, K., Müller-Ladner, U., Richter, M., 2017. Clin Transplant 31.

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Effects of short-term dry immersion on bone remodeling markers, insulın and adipokines.

Linossier, M.-T., Amirova, L.E., Thomas, M., Normand, M., Bareille, M.-P., Gauquelin-Koch, G., Beck, A., Costes-Salon, M.-C., Bonneau, C., Gharib, C., Custaud, M.-A., Vico, L., 2017. PLOS ONE 12, e0182970.
Substrate Microarchitecture Shapes the Paracrine Crosstalk of Stem Cells with Endothelial Cells and Osteoblasts.

Martín-Saavedra, F., Crespo, L., Escudero-Duch, C., Saldaña, L., Gómez-Barrena, E., Vilaboa, N., 2017. Sci Rep 7, 15182.

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Long-Term Effects of Severe Burn Injury on Bone Turnover and Microarchitecture.

Muschitz, G.K., Schwabegger, E., Fochtmann, A., Baierl, A., Kocijan, R., Haschka, J., Gruther, W., Schanda, J.E., Resch, H., Rath, T., Pietschmann, P., Muschitz, C., 2017. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research 32, 2381–2393.
Effect of Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitor Therapy on Osteoclasts Precursors in Rheumatoid Arthritis.

Perpétuo, Inês P., Caetano-Lopes, J., Rodrigues, A.M., Campanilho-Marques, R., Ponte, C., Canhão, H., Ainola, M., Fonseca, J.E., 2017. BioMed Research International, 1–10.
M е thotrexate and low-dose pr е dnisolone downregulate osteoclast function by decreasing receptor activator of nuclear factor-κβ expression in monocytes from patients with early rheumatoid arthritis.

Perpétuo, Inês Pedro, Caetano-Lopes, J., Rodrigues, A.M., Campanilho-Marques, R., Ponte, C., Canhão, H., Ainola, M., Fonseca, J.E., 2017. RMD Open 3, e000365.

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Ankylosing Spondylitis Patients Have Impaired Osteoclast Gene Expression in Circulating Osteoclast Precursors.

Perpétuo, Inês P., Caetano-Lopes, J., Vieira-Sousa, E., Campanilho-Marques, R., Ponte, C., Canhão, H., Ainola, M., Fonseca, J.E., 2017. Frontiers in Medicine 4.
Paracrine interactions between mesenchymal stem cells and macrophages are regulated by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3.

Saldaña, L., Vallés, G., Bensiamar, F., Mancebo, F.J., García-Rey, E., Vilaboa, N., 2017. Sci Rep 7, 14618.

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Circulating RANKL and RANKL/OPG and Breast Cancer Risk by ER and PR Subtype: Results from the EPIC Cohort.

Sarink, D., Schock, H., Johnson, T., Overvad, K., Holm, M., Tjønneland, A., Boutron-Ruault, M.-C., His, M., Kvaskoff, M., Boeing, H., Lagiou, P., Papatesta, E.-M., Trichopoulou, A., Palli, D., Pala, V., Mattiello, A., Tumino, R., Sacerdote, C., Bueno-de-Mesquita, H.B.A., van Gils, C.H., Peeters, P.H., Weiderpass, E., Agudo, A., Sánchez, M.-J., Chirlaque, M.-D., Ardanaz, E., Amiano, P., Khaw, K.T., Travis, R., Dossus, L., Gunter, M., Rinaldi, S., Merritt, M., Riboli, E., Kaaks, R., Fortner, R.T., 2017. Cancer Prev Res 10, 525–534.

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Serum irisin and myostatin levels after 2 weeks of high-altitude climbing.

Śliwicka, E., Cisoń, T., Kasprzak, Z., Nowak, A., Pilaczyńska-Szcześniak, Ł., 2017. PLoS ONE 12, e0181259.

PMID: 28732027; PMCID: PMC5521782
Atypical skeletal manifestations of rickets in a familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia patient.

Wu, B., Wang, O., Jiang, Y., Li, M., Xing, X., Xia, W., 2017. Bone Res 5, 17001.

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Hajdu Cheney Syndrome; report of a novel NOTCH2 mutation and treatment with d е nosumab.

Adami, G., Rossini, M., Gatti, D., Orsolini, G., Idolazzi, L., Viapiana, O., Scarpa, A., Canalis, E., 2016. Bone 92, 150–156.

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Path Analysis Identifies Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-κB Ligand, Osteoprotegerin, and Sclerostin as Potential Mediators of the Tophus-bone Erosion Relationship in Gout.

Chhana, A., Aati, O., Gamble, G.D., Callon, K.E., Doyle, A.J., Roger, M., McQueen, F.M., Horne, A., Reid, I.R., Cornish, J., Dalbeth, N., 2016. The Journal of Rheumatology 43, 445–449.
Daily Intake of Milk Enriched with n-3 Fatty Acids, Oleic Acid, and Calcium Improves Metabolic and Bone Biomarkers in Postmenopausal Women.

Fonolla-Joya, J., Reyes-García, R., García-Martín, A., López-Huertas, E., Muñoz-Torres, M., 2016. J Am Coll Nutr 35, 529–536.

PMID: 27463412
Effect of Osteoprotegerin and Dickkopf-Related Protein 1 on Radiological Progression in Tightly Controlled Rheumatoid Arthritis.

Gómez-Vaquero, C., Martín, I., Loza, E., Carmona, L., Ivorra, J., Narváez, J.A., Hernández-Gañán, J., Alía, P., Narváez, J., 2016. PLOS ONE 11, e0166691.
Aberrant regulation of RANKL/OPG in women at high risk of developing breast cancer.

Kiechl, S., Schramek, D., Widschwendter, M., Fourkala, E.-O., Zaikin, A., Jones, A., Jaeger, B., Rack, B., Janni, W., Scholz, C., Willeit, J., Weger, S., Mayr, A., Teschendorff, A., Rosenthal, A., Fraser, L., Philpott, S., Dubeau, L., Keshtgar, M., Roylance, R., Jacobs, I.J., Menon, U., Schett, G., Penninger, J.M., 2016. Oncotarget 8, 3811–3825.

PMID: 28002811; PMCID: PMC5354797
Clinical, instrumental, serological and histological findings suggest that hemophilia B may be less severe than hemophilia A.

Melchiorre, D., Linari, S., Manetti, M., Romano, E., Sofi, F., Matucci-Cerinic, M., Carulli, C., Innocenti, M., Ibba-Manneschi, L., Castaman, G., 2016. Haematologica 101, 219–225.

PMID: 26494839; PMCID: PMC4938330
Fibroblast growth factor 23 inhibits osteoblastic gene expression and induces osteoprotegerin in vascular smooth muscle cells.

Nakahara, T., Kawai-Kowase, K., Matsui, H., Sunaga, H., Utsugi, T., Iso, T., Arai, M., Tomono, S., Kurabayashi, M., 2016. Atherosclerosis 253, 102–110.

PMID: 27599364
Toward improved phosphorus efficiency in monogastrics-interplay of serum, minerals, bone, and immune system after divergent dietary phosphorus supply in swine.

Oster, M., Just, F., Büsing, K., Wolf, P., Polley, C., Vollmar, B., Muráni, E., Ponsuksili, S., Wimmers, K., 2016. Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol. 310, R917-925.

PMID: 26962023; PMCID: PMC4896080
Osteolytic lesions, cytogenetic features and bone marrow levels of cytokines and chemokines in multiple myeloma patients: Role of chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 20.

Palma, B.D., Guasco, D., Pedrazzoni, M., Bolzoni, M., Accardi, F., Costa, F., Sammarelli, G., Craviotto, L., De Filippo, M., Ruffini, L., Omedè, P., Ria, R., Aversa, F., Giuliani, N., 2016. Leukemia 30, 409–416.
Associations between OPG and RANKL polymorphisms, vertebral fractures, and abdominal aortic calcification in community-dwelling older subjects: the Sao Paulo Ageing & Health Study (SPAH).

Pereira, R.M.R., Figueiredo, C.P., Cha, C.C., Caparbo, V.F., Oliveira, R.M., Franco, A.S., Menezes, P.R., de Castro, I., Onuchic, L.F., 2016. Osteoporos Int 27, 3319–3329.

PMID: 27311721
Expression of osteoprotegerin and its ligands, RANKL and TRAIL, in rheumatoid arthritis.

Remuzgo-Martínez, S., Genre, F., López-Mejías, R., Ubilla, B., Mijares, V., Pina, T., Corrales, A., Blanco, R., Martín, J., Llorca, J., González-Gay, M.A., 2016. Sci Rep 6, 29713.

PMID: 27403809; PMCID: PMC4940734
Hormone concentrations throughout uncomplicated pregnancies: a longitudinal study.

Schock, H., Zeleniuch-Jacquotte, A., Lundin, E., Grankvist, K., Lakso, H.-Å., Idahl, A., Lehtinen, M., Surcel, H.-M., Fortner, R.T., 2016. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 16, 146.

PMID: 27377060; PMCID: PMC4932669
Differences in biochemical bone markers by diabetes type and the impact of glucose.

Starup-Linde, J., Lykkeboe, S., Gregersen, S., Hauge, E.-M., Langdahl, B.L., Handberg, A., Vestergaard, P., 2016. Bone 83, 149–155.

PMID: 26555635
Assessment of OPG, RANKL, bone turnover markers serum levels and BMD after treatment with strontium ranelate and ıbandronate in patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis.

Stuss, M., Sewerynek, E., Król, I., Stępień-Kłos, W., Jędrzejczyk, S., 2016. Endokrynol Pol 67, 174–184.

PMID: 26884284
Establishment of a xenograft model to explore the mechanism of bone destruction by human oral cancers and its application to analysis of role of RANKL.

Tohyama, R., Kayamori, K., Sato, K., Hamagaki, M., Sakamoto, K., Yasuda, H., Yamaguchi, A., 2016. J. Oral Pathol. Med. 45, 356–364.

PMID: 26859422
Role of Osteoprotegerin and Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-κB Ligand in Bone Loss Related to Advanced Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.

Ugay, L., Kochetkova, E., Nevzorova, V., Maistrovskaia, Y., 2016. Chin. Med. J. 129, 1696–1703.

PMID: 27411457; PMCID: PMC4960959
Chronic skin inflammation leads to bone loss by IL-17-mediated inhibition of Wnt signaling in osteoblasts.

Uluçkan, Ö., Jimenez, M., Karbach, S., Jeschke, A., Graña, O., Keller, J., Busse, B., Croxford, A.L., Finzel, S., Koenders, M., van den Berg, W., Schinke, T., Amling, M., Waisman, A., Schett, G., Wagner, E.F., 2016. Sci Transl Med 8, 330ra37.

PMID: 27089206
Craniometaphyseal dysplasia with obvious biochemical abnormality and rickets-like features.

Wu, B., Jiang, Y., Wang, O., Li, M., Xing, X.-P., Xia, W.-B., 2016. Clin. Chim. Acta 456, 122–127.

PMID: 26820766
D е nosumab in treatment-naïve and pre-treated with zoledronıc acid postmenopausal women with low bone mass: Effect on bone mineral density and bone turnover markers.

Anastasilakis, Athanasios D., Polyzos, S.A., Efstathiadou, Z.A., Savvidis, M., Sakellariou, G.T., Papatheodorou, A., Kokkoris, P., Makras, P., 2015. Metab. Clin. Exp. 64, 1291–1297.

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D е nosumab versus zoledronıc acid in patients previously treated with zoledronıc acid.

Anastasilakis, A. D., Polyzos, S.A., Gkiomisi, A., Saridakis, Z.G., Digkas, D., Bisbinas, I., Sakellariou, G.T., Papatheodorou, A., Kokkoris, P., Makras, P., 2015. Osteoporos Int 26, 2521–2527.

PMID: 25990355
Osteocalcin is a predictor for diabetes mellitus in postmenopausal women and correlated with oral intake of vitamin k.

Asadipooya, K., Graves, L., Lukert, B.P., Kalantarhormozi, M., Assadi, M., Ostovar, A., Larijani, B., Nabipour, I., 2015. Mediterranean Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism 8, 231–241.
RANKL and OPG gene polymorphisms: associations with vertebral fractures and bone mineral density in premenopausal systemic lupus erythematosus.

Bonfá, A.C., Seguro, L.P.C., Caparbo, V., Bonfá, E., Pereira, R.M.R., 2015. Osteoporos Int 26, 1563–1571.

PMID: 25609157
Polymorphisms in neuropeptide genes and bone mineral density in Korean postmenopausal women.

Chun, E.H., Kim, H., Suh, C.S., Kim, J.H., Kim, D.Y., Kim, J.G., 2015. Menopause 22, 1256–1263.

PMID: 25871004
Cervical (pre)neoplastic microenvironment promotes the emergence of tolerogenic dendritic cells via RANKL secretion.

Demoulin, S.A., Somja, J., Duray, A., Guénin, S., Roncarati, P., Delvenne, P.O., Herfs, M.F., Hubert, P.M., 2015. Oncoimmunology 4, e1008334.

PMID: 26155412; PMCID: PMC4485731
Mechanisms of enhanced osteoclastogenesis in girls and young women with Turner’s Syndrome.

Faienza, M.F., Brunetti, G., Ventura, A., Piacente, L., Messina, M.F., De Luca, F., Ciccarelli, M., Oranger, A., Mori, G., Natale, M.P., Gigante, M., Ranieri, E., Gesualdo, L., Colucci, S., Cavallo, L., Grano, M., 2015. Bone 81, 228–236.

PMID: 26208797
Decreased bone cortical density at the forearm in subjects with subclinical peripheral arterial disease.

Gaudio, A., Muratore, F., Fiore, V., Rapisarda, R., Signorelli, S.S., Fiore, C.E., 2015. Osteoporos Int 26, 1747–1753.

PMID: 25672808
The Effect of Tuberculosis on Serum Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-k B Ligand, Osteoprotegerin, and Total Antioxidant Capacity.

Ghorbanihaghjo, A., Argani, H., Rashtchizadeh, N., Raeisi, S., Rashadi, J., Nourani nia, S., 2015. Ind J Clin Biochem 30, 430–434.
Enhanced IL-6 trans-signaling in pulmonary arterial hypertension and its potential role in disease-related systemic damage.

Jasiewicz, M., Knapp, M., Waszkiewicz, E., Ptaszynska-Kopczynska, K., Szpakowicz, A., Sobkowicz, B., Musial, W.J., Kaminski, K.A., 2015. Cytokine 76, 187–192.

PMID: 26163998
Osteoprotegerin is a significant prognostic factor for overall survival in patients with primary systemic amyloidosis independent of the Mayo staging.

Kastritis, E., Gavriatopoulou, M., Dimopoulos, M.A., Eleutherakis-Papaiakovou, E., Kanellias, N., Roussou, M., Pamboucas, C., Toumanidis, S.T., Terpos, E., 2015. Blood Cancer J 5, e319.

PMID: 26047389; PMCID: PMC4648482
Notch signaling induces root resorption via RANKL and IL-6 from hPDL cells.

Kikuta, J., Yamaguchi, M., Shimizu, M., Yoshino, T., Kasai, K., 2015. J. Dent. Res. 94, 140–147.

PMID: 25376720
Cystatin C as a potential predictor of osteoprotegerin levels in healthy men, a cross-sectional, observational study.

Kulcsar-Jakab, E., Petho, Z., Pap, Z., Kalina, E., Foldesi, R., Balogh, A., Antal-Szalmas, P., Bhattoa, H.P., 2015. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 16, 227.

PMID: 26311162; PMCID: PMC4551745
Effects of Antitumor Necrosis Factor Therapy on Osteoprotegerin, Neopterin, and sRANKL Concentrations in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis.

Kurz, K., Herold, M., Russe, E., Klotz, W., Weiss, G., Fuchs, D., 2015. Dis. Markers, 276969.

PMID: 26576067; PMCID: PMC4631883
Switching from tenofovır to abacavır in HIV-1-infected patients with low bone mineral density: changes in bone turnover markers and circulating sclerostin levels.

Negredo, E., Diez-Pérez, A., Bonjoch, A., Domingo, P., Pérez-Álvarez, N., Gutierrez, M., Mateo, G., Puig, J., Echeverría, P., Escrig, R., Clotet, B., 2015. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 70, 2104–2107.

PMID: 25769303
Levels of osteoclastogenesis-related factors in the peri-implant crevicular fluid and clinical parameters of immediately loaded implants in patients with osteopenia: a short-term report.

Onuma, T., Aquiar, K., Duarte, P.M., Feres, M., Giro, G., Coelho, P., Cassoni, A., Shibli, J.A., 2015. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 30, 1431–1436.

PMID: 26478977
Selected pro-inflammatory cytokines, bone metabolism, osteoprotegerin, and receptor activator of nuclear factor-kB ligand in girls with anorexia nervosa.

Ostrowska, Z., Ziora, K., Oświęcimska, J., Marek, B., Świętochowska, E., Kajdaniuk, D., Strzelczyk, J., Cieślicka, A., Wołkowska-Pokrywa, K., Kos-Kudła, B., 2015. Endokrynol Pol 66, 313–321.

PMID: 26323468
Inhibition of miR-21 restores RANKL/OPG ratio in multiple myeloma-derived bone marrow stromal cells and impairs the resorbing activity of mature osteoclasts.

Pitari, M.R., Rossi, M., Amodio, N., Botta, C., Morelli, E., Federico, C., Gullà, A., Caracciolo, D., Di Martino, M.T., Arbitrio, M., Giordano, A., Tagliaferri, P., Tassone, P., 2015. Oncotarget 6, 27343–27358.

PMID: 26160841; PMCID: PMC4694994
CD14 and TNFα single nucleotide polymorphisms are candidates for genetic biomarkers of peri-implantitis.

Rakic, M., Petkovic-Curcin, A., Struillou, X., Matic, S., Stamatovic, N., Vojvodic, D., 2015. Clin Oral Investig 19, 791–801.

PMID: 25217276
Lower P1NP serum levels: a predictive marker of bone loss after 1 year follow-up in premenopausal systemic lupus erythematosus patients.

Seguro, L.P.C., Casella, C.B., Caparbo, V.F., Oliveira, R.M., Bonfa, A., Bonfa, E., Pereira, R.M.R., 2015. Osteoporosis International 26, 459–467.
The association of bone turnover markers with pro- and anti-inflammatory adipokines in patients with gestational diabetes.

Telejko, B., Kalejta, K., Kuzmicki, M., Wawrusiewicz-Kurylonek, N., Lipinska, D., Pliszka, J., Wilk, J., Zielinska, A., Sobota, A., Szamatowicz, J., Kretowski, A., Gorska, M., 2015. Ann Agric Environ Med 22, 307–312.

PMID: 26094529
Topographical cues regulate the crosstalk between MSCs and macrophages.

Vallés, G., Bensiamar, F., Crespo, L., Arruebo, M., Vilaboa, N., Saldaña, L., 2015. Biomaterials 37, 124–133.

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Cannabinoid receptor gene polymorphisms and bone mineral density in Korean postmenopausal women.

Woo, J.H., Kim, H., Kim, J.H., Kim, J.G., 2015. Menopause 22, 512–519.

PMID: 25268406
Serum sclerostin in high-activity adult patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis.

Brabnikova-Maresova, K., Jarosova, K., Pavelka, K., Stepan, J.J., 2014. Arthritis Research & Therapy 16.
Osteoclastogenic potential of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in cleidocranial dysplasia.

Faienza, M.F., Ventura, A., Piacente, L., Ciccarelli, M., Gigante, M., Gesualdo, L., Colucci, S., Cavallo, L., Grano, M., Brunetti, G., 2014. Int J Med Sci 11, 356–364.

PMID: 24578613; PMCID: PMC3936030
Ultrasonographic examination of rheumatoid arthritis patients who are free of physical synovitis: power Doppler subclinical synovitis is associated with bone erosion.

Kawashiri, S., Suzuki, T., Nakashima, Y., Horai, Y., Okada, A., Iwamoto, N., Ichinose, K., Tamai, M., Arima, K., Nakamura, H., Origuchi, T., Uetani, M., Aoyagi, K., Eguchi, K., Kawakami, A., 2014. Rheumatology 53, 562–569.

PMID: 24319104
Relationship between Biochemical Bone Markers and Bone Mineral Density in Patients with Phenylketonuria under Restricted Diet.

Koura, H.M., Zaki, S.M., Ismail, N.A., Salama, E.E., El Lebedy, D.H., Effat, L.K., 2014. Iran J Pediatr 24, 23–28

PMID: 25793041; PMCID: PMC4359600
Early effects of tumor necrosis factor inhibition on bone homeostasis after soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor use.

Lim, M.J., Kwon, S.R., Joo, K., Son, M.J., Park, S.-G., Park, W., 2014. The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine 29, 807.
Bone mineral status in Egyptian children with classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia. A single-center study from Upper Egypt.

Metwalley, K.A., El-Saied, A.-R.A.-H., 2014. Indian J Endocrinol Metab 18, 700–704.

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Serum levels of sclerostin, Dickkopf-1, and secreted frizzled-related protein-4 are not changed in individuals with high bone mass causing mutations in LRP5.

Simpson, C.A., Foer, D., Lee, G.S., Bihuniak, J., Sun, B., Sullivan, R., Belsky, J., Insogna, K.L., 2014. Osteoporosis International 25, 2383–2388.
The combination of lenalıdomide and d е xamethasone reduces bone resorption in responding patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma but has no effect on bone formation: Final results on 205 patients of the Greek myeloma study group.

Terpos, Evangelos, Christoulas, D., Kastritis, E., Katodritou, E., Papatheodorou, A., Pouli, A., Kyrtsonis, M.-C., Michalis, E., Papanikolaou, X., Gkotzamanidou, M., Koulieris, E., Gavriatopoulou, M., Zervas, K., Dimopoulos, M.A., on behalf of the Greek Myeloma Study Group, 2014. American Journal of Hematology 89, 34–40.
VTD consolidation, without bisphosphonates, reduces bone resorption and is associated with a very low incidence of skeletal-related events in myeloma patients post ASCT.

Terpos, E, Christoulas, D., Kastritis, E., Roussou, M., Migkou, M., Eleutherakis-Papaiakovou, E., Gavriatopoulou, M., Gkotzamanidou, M., Kanellias, N., Manios, E., Papadimitriou, C., Dimopoulos, M.A., 2014. Leukemia 28, 928–934.
Comparative Effect of Zoledronıc Acid Versus D е nosumab on Serum Sclerostin and Dickkopf-1 Levels of Naive Postmenopausal Women With Low Bone Mass: A Randomized, Head-to-Head Clinical Trial.

Anastasilakis, A.D., Polyzos, S.A., Gkiomisi, A., Bisbinas, I., Gerou, S., Makras, P., 2013. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 98, 3206–3212.
Traditional and novel bone remodeling markers in premenopausal and postmenopausal women.

Botella, S., Restituto, P., Monreal, I., Colina, I., Calleja, A., Varo, N., 2013. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 98, E1740-1748.

PMID: 24001743
High dickkopf-1 levels in sera and leukocytes from children with 21-hydroxylase deficiency on chronic glucocorticoid treatment.

Brunetti, G., Faienza, M.F., Piacente, L., Ventura, A., Oranger, A., Carbone, C., Benedetto, A.D., Colaianni, G., Gigante, M., Mori, G., Gesualdo, L., Colucci, S., Cavallo, L., Grano, M., 2013. American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 304, E546–E554.
Human apolipoprotein E isoforms differentially affect bone mass and turnover in vivo.

Dieckmann, M., Beil, F.T., Mueller, B., Bartelt, A., Marshall, R.P., Koehne, T., Amling, M., Ruether, W., Cooper, J.A., Humphries, S.E., Herz, J., Niemeier, A., 2013. J. Bone Miner. Res. 28, 236–245.

PMID: 22991192; PMCID: PMC3547162
Low-dose pr е dnisolone in early rheumatoid arthritis inhibits collagen type I degradation by matrix metalloproteinases as assessed by serum 1CTP--a possible mechanism for specific inhibition of radiological destruction.

Engvall, I.-L., Svensson, B., Boonen, A., van der Heijde, D., Lerner, U.H., Hafström, I., BARFOT study group, 2013. Rheumatology 52, 733–742.

PMID: 23275387
Activation of the receptor activator of the nuclear factor-κB ligand pathway during coronary bypass surgery: comparison between on- and off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery procedures.

Galeone, A., Brunetti, G., Rotunno, C., Oranger, A., Colucci, S., de Luca Tupputi Schinosa, L., Zallone, A., Grano, M., Paparella, D., 2013. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 44, e141-147.

PMID: 23671202
Blockade of receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB (RANKL) signaling improves hepatic insulın resistance and prevents development of diabetes mellitus.

Kiechl, S., Wittmann, J., Giaccari, A., Knoflach, M., Willeit, P., Bozec, A., Moschen, A.R., Muscogiuri, G., Sorice, G.P., Kireva, T., Summerer, M., Wirtz, S., Luther, J., Mielenz, D., Billmeier, U., Egger, G., Mayr, A., Oberhollenzer, F., Kronenberg, F., Orthofer, M., Penninger, J.M., Meigs, J.B., Bonora, E., Tilg, H., Willeit, J., Schett, G., 2013. Nat. Med. 19, 358–363. PMID:23396210
OPG and sRANKL serum levels and incident hip fracture in postmenopausal Caucasian women in the Women’s Health Initiative Observational Study.

LaCroix, A.Z., Jackson, R.D., Aragaki, A., Kooperberg, C., Cauley, J.A., Chen, Z., Leboff, M.S., Duggan, D., Wactawski-Wende, J., 2013. Bone 56, 474–481.

PMID: 23735608; PMCID: PMC3832355
An independent positive relationship between the serum total osteocalcin level and fat-free mass in healthy premenopausal women.

Liu, J., Zhao, H., Zhao, L., Chen, Y., Zhang, L., Tao, B., Sun, L., Zhao, Y., Wang, W., Xu, M., Chen, J., Ning, G., 2013. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 98, 2146–2152.

PMID: 23553865
Increased vertebral morphometric fracture in patients with postsurgical hypoparathyroidism despite normal bone mineral density.

Mendonça, M.L., Pereira, F.A., Nogueira-Barbosa, M.H., Monsignore, L.M., Teixeira, S.R., Watanabe, P.C., Maciel, L.M., de Paula, F.J., 2013. BMC Endocr Disord 13, 1.

PMID: 23286605; PMCID: PMC3546901
Osteoprotegerin inhibits bone resorption and prevents tumor development in a xenogenic model of Ewing’s sarcoma by inhibiting RANKL.

Picarda, G., Matous, E., Amiaud, J., Charrier, C., Lamoureux, F., Heymann, M.-F., Tirode, F., Pitard, B., Trichet, V., Heymann, D., Redini, F., 2013. J Bone Oncol 2, 95–104.

PMID: 26909278; PMCID: PMC4723385
Synovial membrane immunohistology in early-untreated rheumatoid arthritis reveals high expression of catabolic bone markers that is modulated by m е thotrexate.

Revu, S., Neregård, P., af Klint, E., Korotkova, M., Catrina, A.I., 2013. Arthritis Res. Ther. 15, R205.

PMID: 24295447; PMCID: PMC3978873
Juvenile paget’s disease in an Iranian kindred with vitamin D deficiency and novel homozygous TNFRSF11B mutation.

Saki, F., Karamizadeh, Z., Nasirabadi, S., Mumm, S., McAlister, W.H., Whyte, M.P., 2013. J. Bone Miner. Res. 28, 1501–1508.

PMID: 23322328; PMCID: PMC3663917
Receptor activator for NF-κB ligand in acute myeloid leukemia: expression, function, and modulation of NK cell immunosurveillance.

Schmiedel, B.J., Nuebling, T., Steinbacher, J., Malinovska, A., Wende, C.M., Azuma, M., Schneider, P., Grosse-Hovest, L., Salih, H.R., 2013. J. Immunol. 190, 821–831.

PMID: 23241893
Bone metabolism compensates for the delayed growth in small for gestational age neonates.

Tenta, R., Bourgiezi, I., Aliferis, E., Papadopoulou, M., Gounaris, A., Skouroliakou, M., 2013. Organogenesis 9, 55–59.

PMID: 23538775; PMCID: PMC3674041
Physical training increases osteoprotegerin in postmenopausal women.

Bergström, I., Parini, P., Gustafsson, S.A., Andersson, G., Brinck, J., 2012. J. Bone Miner. Metab. 30, 202–207.

PMID: 21823052
Soluble rank ligand produced by myeloma cells causes generalised bone loss in multiple myeloma.

Buckle, C.H., De Leenheer, E., Lawson, M.A., Yong, K., Rabin, N., Perry, M., Vanderkerken, K., Croucher, P.I., 2012. PLoS ONE 7, e41127.

PMID: 22952578; PMCID: PMC3430669
Diets higher in dairy foods and dietary protein support bone health during diet- and exercise-induced weight loss in overweight and obese premenopausal women.

Josse, A.R., Atkinson, S.A., Tarnopolsky, M.A., Phillips, S.M., 2012. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 97, 251–260.

PMID: 22049177
Changes of serum soluble receptor activator for nuclear factor-κB ligand after glucocorticoid therapy reflect regulation of its expression by osteoblasts.

Kaneko, K., Kusunoki, N., Hasunuma, T., Kawai, S., 2012. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 97, E1909-1917.

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First inducible transgene expression in porcine large animal models.

Klymiuk, N., Böcker, W., Schönitzer, V., Bähr, A., Radic, T., Fröhlich, T., Wünsch, A., Keßler, B., Kurome, M., Schilling, E., Herbach, N., Wanke, R., Nagashima, H., Mutschler, W., Arnold, G.J., Schwinzer, R., Schieker, M., Wolf, E., 2012. FASEB J. 26, 1086–1099.

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Serum Osteoprotegerin, RANKL, and Dkk-1 Levels in Adults with Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis.

Makras, P., Polyzos, S.A., Anastasilakis, A.D., Terpos, E., Kanakis, G., Schini, M., Papatheodorou, A., Kaltsas, G.A., 2012. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 97, E618–E621.
RANK-RANKL-OPG in hemophilic arthropathy: from clinical and imaging diagnosis to histopathology.

Melchiorre, D., Milia, A.F., Linari, S., Romano, E., Benelli, G., Manetti, M., Guiducci, S., Ceccarelli, C., Innocenti, M., Carulli, C., Civinini, R., Morfini, M., Matucci-Cerinic, M., Ibba-Manneschi, L., 2012. J. Rheumatol. 39, 1678–1686.

PMID: 22753650
Osteogenesis and osteoclast inhibition in rheumatoid arthritis patients treated with bisphosphonates alone or in combination with pıtavastatin over an 18-month follow-up after more than 4 years of treatment with bisphosphonates.

Nagashima, M., Takahashi, H., Shimane, K., Nagase, Y., Wauke, K., 2012. Arthritis Res. Ther. 14, R224.

PMID: 23079134; PMCID: PMC3580535
Serum sclerostin increases in healthy adult men during bed rest.

Spatz, J.M., Fields, E.E., Yu, E.W., Divieti Pajevic, P., Bouxsein, M.L., Sibonga, J.D., Zwart, S.R., Smith, S.M., 2012. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 97, E1736-1740.

PMID: 22767636; PMCID: PMC3431567
Omentin-1, visfatin and adiponectin levels in relation to bone mineral density in Iranian postmenopausal women.

Tohidi, M., Akbarzadeh, S., Larijani, B., Kalantarhormozi, M., Ostovar, A., Assadi, M., Vahdat, K., Farrokhnia, M., Sanjdideh, Z., Amirinejad, R., Nabipour, I., 2012. Bone 51, 876–881.

PMID: 22971441
Vertebral fractures in patients with inflammatory bowel disease compared with a healthy population: a prospective case-control study.

Vázquez, M.A., Lopez, E., Montoya, M.J., Giner, M., Pérez-Temprano, R., Pérez-Cano, R., 2012. BMC Gastroenterol 12, 47.

PMID: 22584049; PMCID: PMC3438096
The relationship between osteoclastogenic and anti-osteoclastogenic pro-inflammatory cytokines differs in human osteoporotic and osteoarthritic bone tissues.

Zupan, J., Komadina, R., Marc, J., 2012. J. Biomed. Sci. 19, 28.

PMID: 22380539; PMCID: PMC3307025
Correlation of circulating omentin-1 with bone mineral density in multiple sclerosis: the crosstalk between bone and adipose tissue.

Assadi, M., Salimipour, H., Akbarzadeh, S., Nemati, R., Jafari, S.M., Bargahi, A., Samani, Z., Seyedabadi, M., Sanjdideh, Z., Nabipour, I., 2011. PLoS ONE 6, e24240.

PMID: 21935388; PMCID: PMC3174149
Plasma and drainage fluid levels of soluble receptor activator of nuclear factor-kB (sRANK), soluble receptor activator of nuclear factor-kB ligand (sRANKL) and osteoprotegerin (OPG) during proximal humerus fracture healing.

Colombini, A., Lombardi, G., Galliera, E., Dogliotti, G., Randelli, P., Meerssemann, A., Mineo, G., Cabitza, P., Corsi, M.M., 2011. Int Orthop 35, 777–782.

PMID: 20623281; PMCID: PMC3080502
Serum osteoprotegerin levels are related to height loss: the Tromsø Study.

Jørgensen, L., Hansen, J.-B., Brox, J., Mathiesen, E., Vik, A., Jacobsen, B.K., 2011. Eur. J. Epidemiol. 26, 305–312.

PMID: 21331661; PMCID: PMC3088831
The RANKL/RANK/OPG signaling pathway mediates medial arterial calcification in diabetic Charcot neuroarthropathy.

Ndip, A., Williams, A., Jude, E.B., Serracino-Inglott, F., Richardson, S., Smyth, J.V., Boulton, A.J.M., Alexander, M.Y., 2011. Diabetes 60, 2187–2196.

PMID: 21659498; PMCID: PMC3142088
Circulating osteoprotegerin and soluble receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand in polycystic ovary syndrome: relationships to insulın resistance and endothelial dysfunction.

Pepene, C.E., Ilie, I.R., Marian, I., Duncea, I., 2011. Eur. J. Endocrinol. 164, 61–68.

PMID: 20974706
Dissociation of osteogenic and immunological effects by the selective glucocorticoid receptor agonist, compound A, in human bone marrow stromal cells.

Rauner, M., Goettsch, C., Stein, N., Thiele, S., Bornhaeuser, M., De Bosscher, K., Haegeman, G., Tuckermann, J., Hofbauer, L.C., 2011. Endocrinology 152, 103–112.

PMID: 21084452
Evolution of coronary artery calcification in patients with chronic kidney disease Stages 3 and 4, with and without diabetes.

Stavroulopoulos, A., Porter, C.J., Pointon, K., Monaghan, J.M., Roe, S.D., Cassidy, M.J.D., 2011. Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. 26, 2582–2589.

PMID: 21224493
Early effects of IL-6 receptor inhibition on bone homeostasis: a pilot study in women with rheumatoid arthritis.

Terpos, E., Fragiadaki, K., Konsta, M., Bratengeier, C., Papatheodorou, A., Sfikakis, P.P., 2011. Clin. Exp. Rheumatol. 29, 921–925

PMID: 22032557
RANKL is a downstream mediator for insulın-induced osteoblastic differentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells.

Yuan, L.-Q., Zhu, J.-H., Wang, H.-W., Liang, Q.-H., Xie, H., Wu, X.-P., Zhou, H., Cui, R.-R., Sheng, Z.-F., Zhou, H.-D., Zhu, X., Liu, G.-Y., Liu, Y.-S., Liao, E.-Y., 2011. PLoS ONE 6, e29037.

PMID: 22194983; PMCID: PMC3240644
Bone mineral density, bone turnover markers, lean mass, and fat mass in Egyptian children with congenital adrenal hyperplasia.

Abd El Dayem, S.M., Anwar, G.M., Salama, H., Kamel, A.F., Emara, N., 2010. Arch Med Sci 6, 104–110.

PMID: 22371729; PMCID: PMC3278952
Persistent increase of osteoprotegerin levels after cortisol normalization in patients with Cushing’s syndrome.

Camozzi, V., Sanguin, F., Albigier, N., Scaroni, C., Mantero, F., Zaninotto, M., Frigo, A., Piccolo, M., Luisetto, G., 2010. Eur. J. Endocrinol. 162, 85–90.

PMID: 19793762
Circulating mediators of bone remodeling in psoriatic arthritis: implications for disordered osteoclastogenesis and bone erosion.

Dalbeth, N., Pool, B., Smith, T., Callon, K.E., Lobo, M., Taylor, W.J., Jones, P.B., Cornish, J., McQueen, F.M., 2010. Arthritis Res. Ther. 12, R164.

PMID: 20796300; PMCID: PMC2945067
Alеndronate reduces osteoclast precursors in osteoporosis.

D’Amelio, P., Grimaldi, A., Cristofaro, M.A., Ravazzoli, M., Molinatti, P.A., Pescarmona, G.P., Isaia, G.C., 2010. Osteoporos Int 21, 1741–1750.

PMID: 19949772
The Src inhibitor dasatınib accelerates the differentiation of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells into osteoblasts.

Id Boufker, H., Lagneaux, L., Najar, M., Piccart, M., Ghanem, G., Body, J.-J., Journé, F., 2010. BMC Cancer 10, 298.

PMID: 20565769; PMCID: PMC3087319
No significant effect on bone mineral density by high doses of vitamin D3 given to overweight subjects for one year.

Jorde, R., Sneve, M., Torjesen, P.A., Figenschau, Y., Hansen, J.-B., Grimnes, G., 2010. Nutr J 9, 1.

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Bone loss in relation to serum levels of osteoprotegerin and nuclear factor-kappaB ligand: the Tromsø Study.

Jørgensen, L., Vik, A., Emaus, N., Brox, J., Hansen, J.-B., Mathiesen, E., Vestergaard, P., 2010. Osteoporos Int 21, 931–938.

PMID: 19701599
Serum bone turnover markers may be involved in the metastatic potential of lung cancer patients.

Karapanagiotou, E.M., Terpos, E., Dilana, K.D., Alamara, C., Gkiozos, I., Polyzos, A., Syrigos, K.N., 2010. Med. Oncol. 27, 332–338.

PMID: 19373566
Biomarkers of the osteoprotegerin pathway: clinical correlates, subclinical disease, incident cardiovascular disease, and mortality.

Lieb, W., Gona, P., Larson, M.G., Massaro, J.M., Lipinska, I., Keaney, J.F., Rong, J., Corey, D., Hoffmann, U., Fox, C.S., Vasan, R.S., Benjamin, E.J., O’Donnell, C.J., Kathiresan, S., 2010. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 30, 1849–1854.

PMID: 20448212; PMCID: PMC3039214
Genome-wide association meta-analysis of cortical bone mineral density unravels allelic heterogeneity at the RANKL locus and potential pleiotropic effects on bone.

Paternoster, L., Lorentzon, M., Vandenput, L., Karlsson, M.K., Ljunggren, O., Kindmark, A., Mellstrom, D., Kemp, J.P., Jarett, C.E., Holly, J.M.P., Sayers, A., St Pourcain, B., Timpson, N.J., Deloukas, P., Davey Smith, G., Ring, S.M., Evans, D.M., Tobias, J.H., Ohlsson, C., 2010. PLoS Genet. 6, e1001217.

PMID: 21124946; PMCID: PMC2987837
Chronic antiepileptic monotherapy, bone metabolism, and body composition in non-institutionalized children.

Rauchenzauner, M., Griesmacher, A., Tatarczyk, T., Haberlandt, E., Strasak, A., Zimmerhackl, L.-B., Falkensammer, G., Luef, G., Högler, W., 2010. Dev Med Child Neurol 52, 283–288.

PMID: 19709134
Bone impairment in phenylketonuria is characterized by circulating osteoclast precursors and activated T cell increase.

Roato, I., Porta, F., Mussa, A., D’Amico, L., Fiore, L., Garelli, D., Spada, M., Ferracini, R., 2010. PLoS ONE 5, e14167.

PMID: 21152388; PMCID: PMC2994752
High Circulating Levels of Sclerostin Correlate with Bone Mineral Density In Patients with Thalassemia and Osteoporosis: The Role of the Wnt Signaling In the Pathogenesis of Bone Loss In Thalassemia.

Voskaridou, E., Christoulas, D., Papatheodorou, A., Bratengeier, C., Plata, E., Kaliontzi, D., Woloszczuk, W., Terpos, E., 2010, in: Blood. 1010

Serum RANKL, osteoprotegerin (OPG), and RANKL/OPG ratio in nephrotic children.

Wasilewska, A., Rybi-Szuminska, A., Zoch-Zwierz, W., 2010. Pediatr. Nephrol. 25, 2067–2075.

PMID: 20602239; PMCID: PMC2923718

Osteoclastogenesis in children with 21-hydroxylase deficiency on long-term glucocorticoid therapy: the role of receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappaB ligand/osteoprotegerin imbalance.

Faienza, M.F., Brunetti, G., Colucci, S., Piacente, L., Ciccarelli, M., Giordani, L., Del Vecchio, G.C., D’Amore, M., Albanese, L., Cavallo, L., Grano, M., 2009. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 94, 2269–2276.

PMID: 19401376
Bone mineral density and serum levels of soluble tumor necrosis factors, е stradiol, and osteoprotegerin in postmenopausal women with cirrhosis after viral hepatitis.

González-Calvin, J.L., Mundi, J.L., Casado-Caballero, F.J., Abadia, A.C., Martin-Ibañez, J.J., 2009. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 94, 4844–4850.

PMID: 19897681
High osteoprotegerin serum levels in primary biliary cirrhosis are associated with disease severity but not with the mRNA gene expression in liver tissue.

Guañabens, N., Enjuanes, A., Alvarez, L., Peris, P., Caballería, L., Jesús Martínez de Osaba, M., Cerdá, D., Monegal, A., Pons, F., Parés, A., 2009. J. Bone Miner. Metab. 27, 347–354.

PMID: 19229472
Relationships between OPG, RANKL, bone metabolism, and bone mineral density in biliary atresia.

Honsawek, S., Chaiwatanarat, T., Vejchapipat, P., Chongsrisawat, V., Thawornsuk, N., Poovorawan, Y., 2009. Pediatr. Surg. Int. 25, 261–267.

PMID: 19184056
A 246-km continuous running race causes significant changes in bone metabolism.

Kerschan-Schindl, K., Thalmann, M., Sodeck, G.H., Skenderi, K., Matalas, A.L., Grampp, S., Ebner, C., Pietschmann, P., 2009. Bone 45, 1079–1083.

PMID: 19665602
Non-association between polymorphisms of the frizzled receptor genes and bone mineral density in postmenopausal Korean women.

Kim, J.G., Kim, H., Jee, B.C., Suh, C.S., Choi, Y.M., Moon, S.Y., 2009. J. Korean Med. Sci. 24, 443–447.

PMID: 19543507; PMCID: PMC2698190
Increased serum OPG in atrophic nonunion shaft fractures.

Marchelli, D., Piodi, L.P., Corradini, C., Parravicini, L., Verdoia, C., Ulivieri, F.M., 2009. J Orthop Traumatol 10, 55–58.

PMID: 19484355; PMCID: PMC2688591
The combinations of polymorphisms in vitamin D receptor, osteoprotegerin and tumour necrosis factor superfamily member 11 genes are associated with bone mineral density.

Mencej-Bedrac, S., Prezelj, J., Kocjan, T., Teskac, K., Ostanek, B., Smelcer, M., Marc, J., 2009. J. Mol. Endocrinol. 42, 239–247.

PMID: 19131500
Prostate cancer promotes CD11b positive cells to differentiate into osteoclasts.

Mizutani, K., Sud, S., Pienta, K.J., 2009. J. Cell. Biochem. 106, 563–569.

PMID: 19170075; PMCID: PMC2776620
Dysregulated RANK ligand/RANK axis in hyperhomocysteinemic subjects: effect of treatment with B-vitamins.

Nenseter, M.S., Ueland, T., Retterstøl, K., Strøm, E., Mørkrid, L., Landaas, S., Ose, L., Aukrust, P., Holven, K.B., 2009. Stroke 40, 241–247.

PMID: 19008470
The Effect of Zoledronıc Acid on Serum Dickkopf-1, Osteoprotegerin, and RANKL in Patients with Paget’s Disease of Bone.

Polyzos, S.A., Anastasilakis, A.D., Efstathiadou, Z., Kita, M., Litsas, I., Avramidis, A., Arsos, G., Moralidis, E., Gerou, S., Pavlidou, V., Papatheodorou, A., Terpos, E., 2009. Hormone and Metabolic Research 41, 846–850.
The HLA-B27 transgenic rat, a model of spondyloarthritis, has decreased bone mineral density and increased RANKL to osteoprotegerin mRNA ratio.

Rauner, M., Stupphann, D., Haas, M., Fert, I., Glatigny, S., Sipos, W., Breban, M., Pietschmann, P., 2009. J. Rheumatol. 36, 120–126.

PMID: 19040304
Bone turnover and the osteoprotegerin-RANKL pathway in tumor-induced osteomalacia: a longitudinal study of five cases.

Rendina, D., De Filippo, G., Tauchmanovà, L., Insabato, L., Muscariello, R., Gianfrancesco, F., Esposito, T., Cioffi, M., Colao, A., Strazzullo, P., Mossetti, G., 2009. Calcif. Tissue Int. 85, 293–300.

PMID: 19763378
ADA-deficient SCID is associated with a specific microenvironment and bone phenotype characterized by RANKL/OPG imbalance and osteoblast insufficiency.

Sauer, A.V., Mrak, E., Hernandez, R.J., Zacchi, E., Cavani, F., Casiraghi, M., Grunebaum, E., Roifman, C.M., Cervi, M.C., Ambrosi, A., Carlucci, F., Roncarolo, M.G., Villa, A., Rubinacci, A., Aiuti, A., 2009. Blood 114, 3216–3226.

PMID: 19633200
Cartilage and bone biomarkers in rheumatoid arthritis: prediction of 10-year radiographic progression.

Syversen, S.W., Goll, G.L., van der Heijde, D., Landewé, R., Gaarder, P.I., Odegård, S., Haavardsholm, E.A., Kvien, T.K., 2009. J. Rheumatol. 36, 266–272.

PMID: 19132792
Different skeletal effects of the peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPAR)alpha agonist f е nofibrate and the PPARgamma agonist pıoglitazone.

Syversen, U., Stunes, A.K., Gustafsson, B.I., Obrant, K.J., Nordsletten, L., Berge, R., Thommesen, L., Reseland, J.E., 2009. BMC Endocr Disord 9, 10.

PMID: 19331671; PMCID: PMC2678137
High Serum Sclerostin Correlates with Advanced Stage, Increased Bone Resorption, Reduced Osteoblast Function, and Poor Survival in Newly-Diagnosed Patients with Multiple Myeloma.

Terpos, E., Christoulas, D., Katodritou, E., Bratengeier, C., Lindner, B., Harmelin, S., Hawa, G., Boutsikas, G., Migkou, M., Gavriatopoulou, M., 2009
The clinical significance of serum markers of bone turnover in NSCLC patients: surveillance, management and prognostic implications.

Terpos, E., Kiagia, M., Karapanagiotou, E.M., Charpidou, A., Dilana, K.D., Nasothimiou, E., Harrington, K.J., Polyzos, A., Syrigos, K.N., 2009. Anticancer Res. 29, 1651–1657

PMID: 19443381
Proinflammatory cytokines and receptor activator of nuclear factor kappaB-ligand/osteoprotegerin associated with bone deterioration in patients with Crohn’s disease.

Turk, N., Cukovic-Cavka, S., Korsic, M., Turk, Z., Vucelic, B., 2009. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 21, 159–166.

PMID: 19098682
Acute changes in serum osteoprotegerin and receptor activator for nuclear factor-kappaB ligand levels in women with established osteoporosis treated with terıparatide.

Anastasilakis, A.D., Goulis, D.G., Polyzos, S.A., Gerou, S., Pavlidou, V., Koukoulis, G., Avramidis, A., 2008. Eur. J. Endocrinol. 158, 411–415.

PMID: 18299476
Does osteoprotegerin or receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappaB ligand mediate the association between bone and coronary artery calcification?

Bakhireva, L.N., Laughlin, G.A., Bettencourt, R., Barrett-Connor, E., 2008. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 93, 2009–2012.

PMID: 18319315; PMCID: PMC2386279
Risedronat е reduces osteoclast precursors and cytokine production in postmenopausal osteoporotic women.

D’Amelio, P., Grimaldi, A., Di Bella, S., Tamone, C., Brianza, S.Z.M., Ravazzoli, M.G.A., Bernabei, P., Cristofaro, M.A., Pescarmona, G.P., Isaia, G., 2008. J. Bone Miner. Res. 23, 373–379.

PMID: 17967134
Serum osteoprotegerin concentrations are decreased in women with the polycystic ovary syndrome.

Escobar-Morreale, H.F., Botella-Carretero, J.I., Martínez-García, M.A., Luque-Ramírez, M., Alvarez-Blasco, F., San Millán, J.L., 2008. Eur. J. Endocrinol. 159, 225–232.

PMID: 18579554
Bone markers predict cardiovascular events in chronic kidney disease.

Fahrleitner-Pammer, A., Herberth, J., Browning, S.R., Obermayer-Pietsch, B., Wirnsberger, G., Holzer, H., Dobnig, H., Malluche, H.H., 2008. J. Bone Miner. Res. 23, 1850–1858.

PMID: 18597636
Constitutional thinness: unusual human phenotype of low bone quality.

Galusca, B., Zouch, M., Germain, N., Bossu, C., Frere, D., Lang, F., Lafage-Proust, M.-H., Thomas, T., Vico, L., Estour, B., 2008. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 93, 110–117.

PMID: 17956951
Alpha1beta1 integrin and interleukin-7 receptor up-regulate the expression of RANKL in human T cells and enhance their osteoclastogenic function.

Gendron, S., Boisvert, M., Chetoui, N., Aoudjit, F., 2008. Immunology 125, 359–369.

PMID: 18479350; PMCID: PMC2669139
Modifying RANKL/OPG mRNA expression in differentiating and growing human primary osteoblasts.

Giner, M., Montoya, M.J., Vázquez, M.A., Rios, M.J., Moruno, R., Miranda, M.J., Pérez-Cano, R., 2008. Horm. Metab. Res. 40, 869–874.

PMID: 18932123
Serum levels of receptor activator of nuclear factor kappaB ligand (RANKL) in healthy women and men.

Kerschan-Schindl, K., Wendlova, J., Kudlacek, S., Gleiss, A., Woloszczuk, W., Pietschmann, P., 2008. Exp. Clin. Endocrinol. Diabetes 116, 491–495.

PMID: 18072013
The differential expression of osteoprotegerin (OPG) and receptor activator of nuclear factor kappaB ligand (RANKL) in human osteoarthritic subchondral bone osteoblasts is an indicator of the metabolic state of these disease cells.

Kwan Tat, S., Pelletier, J.-P., Lajeunesse, D., Fahmi, H., Lavigne, M., Martel-Pelletier, J., 2008. Clin. Exp. Rheumatol. 26, 295–304

PMID: 18565252; PMCID: PMC5247261
Increased augmentation index and central aortic blood pressure in osteoporotic postmenopausal women.

Mangiafico, R.A., Alagona, C., Pennisi, P., Parisi, N., Mangiafico, M., Purrello, F., Fiore, C.E., 2008. Osteoporos Int 19, 49–56.

PMID: 17676381
Osteoclast inhibitory effects of vitamin K2 alone or in combination with е tidronate or risedronat е in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: 2-year results.

Morishita, M., Nagashima, M., Wauke, K., Takahashi, H., Takenouchi, K., 2008. J. Rheumatol. 35, 407–413

PMID: 18260178
Effects of compression force on fibroblast growth factor-2 and receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand production by periodontal ligament cells in vitro.

Nakajima, R., Yamaguchi, M., Kojima, T., Takano, M., Kasai, K., 2008. J. Periodont. Res. 43, 168–173.

PMID: 18302618
The role of the receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappaB ligand/osteoprotegerin cytokine system in primary hyperparathyroidism.

Nakchbandi, I.A., Lang, R., Kinder, B., Insogna, K.L., 2008. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 93, 967–973.

PMID: 18073309; PMCID: PMC2266956
High levels of synovial fluid osteoprotegerin (OPG) and increased serum ratio of receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B ligand (RANKL) to OPG correlate with disease severity in patients with primary knee osteoarthritis.

Pilichou, A., Papassotiriou, I., Michalakakou, K., Fessatou, S., Fandridis, E., Papachristou, G., Terpos, E., 2008. Clin. Biochem. 41, 746–749.

PMID: 18355453
Bone mineral apparent density in juvenile dermatomyositis: the role of lean body mass and glucocorticoid use.

Santiago, R.A., Silva, C. a. A., Caparbo, V.F., Sallum, A.M.E., Pereira, R.M.R., 2008. Scand. J. Rheumatol. 37, 40–47.

PMID: 18189194
The circulating calcification inhibitors, fetuin-A and osteoprotegerin, but not matrix Gla protein, are associated with vascular stiffness and calcification in children on dialysis.

Shroff, R.C., Shah, V., Hiorns, M.P., Schoppet, M., Hofbauer, L.C., Hawa, G., Schurgers, L.J., Singhal, A., Merryweather, I., Brogan, P., Shanahan, C., Deanfield, J., Rees, L., 2008. Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. 23, 3263–3271.

PMID: 18463323
Osteoprotegerin/RANKL system imbalance in active polyarticular-onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis: a bone damage biomarker?

Spelling, P., Bonfá, E., Caparbo, V.F., Pereira, R.M.R., 2008. Scand. J. Rheumatol. 37, 439–444.

PMID: 18802807
Relationships between insulın-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and OPG, RANKL, bone mineral density in healthy Chinese women.

Zhao, H.-Y., Liu, J.-M., Ning, G., Zhao, Y.-J., Chen, Y., Sun, L.-H., Zhang, L.-Z., Xu, M.-Y., Chen, J.-L., 2008. Osteoporos Int 19, 221–226.

PMID: 17703270
Effects on osteoclast and osteoblast activities in cultured mouse calvarial bones by synovial fluids from patients with a loose joint prosthesis and from osteoarthritis patients.

Andersson, M.K., Lundberg, P., Ohlin, A., Perry, M.J., Lie, A., Stark, A., Lerner, U.H., 2007. Arthritis Res. Ther. 9, R18.

PMID: 17316439; PMCID: PMC1860076
Circulating osteoprotegerin and receptor activator of NF-kappaB ligand system in patients with beta-thalassemia major.

Angelopoulos, N.G., Goula, A., Katounda, E., Rombopoulos, G., Kaltzidou, V., Kaltsas, D., Malaktari, S., Athanasiou, V., Tolis, G., 2007. J. Bone Miner. Metab. 25, 60–67.

PMID: 17187195
Serum levels of OPG, RANKL and RANKL/OPG ratio in newly-diagnosed patients with multiple myeloma. Clinical correlations.

Goranova-Marinova, V., Goranov, S., Pavlov, P., Tzvetkova, T., 2007. Haematologica 92, 1000–1001

PMID: 17606458
Increased circulating concentrations and augmented myocardial extraction of osteoprotegerin in heart failure due to left ventricular pressure overload.

Helske, S., Kovanen, P.T., Lindstedt, K.A., Salmela, K., Lommi, J., Turto, H., Werkkala, K., Kupari, M., 2007. Eur. J. Heart Fail. 9, 357–363.

PMID: 17254844
Soluble receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B ligand and risk for cardiovascular disease.

Kiechl, S., Schett, G., Schwaiger, J., Seppi, K., Eder, P., Egger, G., Santer, P., Mayr, A., Xu, Q., Willeit, J., 2007. Circulation 116, 385–391.

PMID: 17620507
NF-kappaB inhibitor dehydroxymethylepoxyquinomicin suppresses osteoclastogenesis and expression of NFATc1 in mouse arthritis without affecting expression of RANKL, osteoprotegerin or macrophage colony-stimulating factor.

Kubota, T., Hoshino, M., Aoki, K., Ohya, K., Komano, Y., Nanki, T., Miyasaka, N., Umezawa, K., 2007. Arthritis Res. Ther. 9, R97.

PMID: 17892600; PMCID: PMC2212584
Autoantibodies, metalloproteinases and bone markers in rheumatoid arthritis patients are unable to predict their responses to inflıximab.

Lequerré, T., Jouen, F., Brazier, M., Clayssens, S., Klemmer, N., Ménard, J.-F., Mejjad, O., Daragon, A., Tron, F., Le Loët, X., Vittecoq, O., 2007. Rheumatology 46, 446–453.

PMID: 16899502
Monocyte chemotactic protein-1 mediates prostate cancer-induced bone resorption.

Lu, Y., Cai, Z., Xiao, G., Keller, E.T., Mizokami, A., Yao, Z., Roodman, G.D., Zhang, J., 2007. Cancer Res. 67, 3646–3653.

PMID: 17440076
Increased formation of 8-iso-prostaglandin F(2alpha) is associated with altered bone metabolism and lower bone mass in hypercholesterolaemic subjects.

Mangiafico, R.A., Malaponte, G., Pennisi, P., Li Volti, G., Trovato, G., Mangiafico, M., Bevelacqua, Y., Mazza, F., Fiore, C.E., 2007. J. Intern. Med. 261, 587–596.

PMID: 17547714
Serum OPG and RANKL levels before and after intravenous bisphosphonate treatment in Paget’s disease of bone.

Martini, G., Gennari, L., Merlotti, D., Salvadori, S., Franci, M.B., Campagna, S., Avanzati, A., De Paola, V., Valleggi, F., Nuti, R., 2007. Bone 40, 457–463.

PMID: 16979395
Changes of OPG and RANKL concentrations in Crohn’s disease after inflıximab therapy.

Miheller, P., Muzes, G., Rácz, K., Blázovits, A., Lakatos, P., Herszényi, L., Tulassay, Z., 2007. Inflamm. Bowel Dis. 13, 1379–1384.

PMID: 17663430
Expression of cathepsin-K in gingival crevicular fluid of patients with periodontitis.

Mogi, M., Otogoto, J., 2007. Arch. Oral Biol. 52, 894–898.

PMID: 17321485
Serum osteoprotegerin and its ligand in cirrhotic patients referred for orthotopic liver transplantation: relationship with metabolic bone disease.

Monegal, A., Navasa, M., Peris, P., Alvarez, L., Pons, F., Rodés, J., Guañabens, N., 2007. Liver Int. 27, 492–497.

PMID: 17403189
Alterations in circulating osteoimmune factors may be responsible for high bone resorption rate in HIV-infected children and adolescents.

Mora, S., Zamproni, I., Cafarelli, L., Giacomet, V., Erba, P., Zuccotti, G., Viganò, A., 2007. AIDS 21, 1129–1135.

PMID: 17502723
The “lively” cytokines network in beta-Thalassemia Major-related osteoporosis.

Morabito, N., Russo, G.T., Gaudio, A., Lasco, A., Catalano, A., Morini, E., Franchina, F., Maisano, D., La Rosa, M., Plota, M., Crifò, A., Meo, A., Frisina, N., 2007. Bone 40, 1588–1594.

PMID: 17412659
Bone structure and metabolism in a rodent model of male senile osteoporosis.

Pietschmann, P., Skalicky, M., Kneissel, M., Rauner, M., Hofbauer, G., Stupphann, D., Viidik, A., 2007. Exp. Gerontol. 42, 1099–1108.

PMID: 17949933
RANKL:osteoprotegerin ratio and bone mineral density in children with untreated juvenile dermatomyositis.

Rouster-Stevens, K.A., Langman, C.B., Price, H.E., Seshadri, R., Shore, R.M., Abbott, K., Pachman, L.M., 2007. Arthritis Rheum. 56, 977–983.

PMID: 17328075
The sex-specific association of serum osteoprotegerin and receptor activator of nuclear factor kappaB legend with bone mineral density in older adults: the Rancho Bernardo study.

Stern, A., Laughlin, G.A., Bergstrom, J., Barrett-Connor, E., 2007. Eur. J. Endocrinol. 156, 555–562.

PMID: 17468191; PMCID: PMC2642656
Elevated soluble receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappaB ligand and reduced bone mineral density in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.

Suh, K.T., Lee, S.-S., Hwang, S.H., Kim, S.-J., Lee, J.S., 2007. Eur Spine J 16, 1563–1569.

PMID: 17520299; PMCID: PMC2078303
Juvenile Paget’s disease: the second reported, oldest patient is homozygous for the TNFRSF11B “Balkan” mutation (966_969delTGACinsCTT), which elevates circulating immunoreactive osteoprotegerin levels.

Whyte, M.P., Singhellakis, P.N., Petersen, M.B., Davies, M., Totty, W.G., Mumm, S., 2007. J. Bone Miner. Res. 22, 938–946.

PMID: 17352649
Association between phosphate removal and markers of bone turnover in haemodialysis patients.

Albalate, M., de la Piedra, C., Fernández, C., Lefort, M., Santana, H., Hernando, P., Hernández, J., Caramelo, C., 2006. Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. 21, 1626–1632.

PMID: 16490746
High serum values of soluble CD154, IL-2 receptor, RANKL and osteoprotegerin in Langerhans cell histiocytosis.

Ishii, R., Morimoto, A., Ikushima, S., Sugimoto, T., Asami, K., Bessho, F., Kudo, K., Tsunematu, Y., Fujimoto, J., Imashuku, S., 2006. Pediatr Blood Cancer 47, 194–199.

PMID: 16358318
IL-7 up-regulates TNF-alpha-dependent osteoclastogenesis in patients affected by solid tumor.

Roato, I., Brunetti, G., Gorassini, E., Grano, M., Colucci, S., Bonello, L., Buffoni, L., Manfredi, R., Ruffini, E., Ottaviani, D., Ciuffreda, L., Mussa, A., Ferracini, R., 2006. PLoS ONE 1, e124.

PMID: 17205128; PMCID: PMC1762428
An increased osteoprotegerin serum release characterizes the early onset of diabetes mellitus and may contribute to endothelial cell dysfunction.

Secchiero, P., Corallini, F., Pandolfi, A., Consoli, A., Candido, R., Fabris, B., Celeghini, C., Capitani, S., Zauli, G., 2006. Am. J. Pathol. 169, 2236–2244.

PMID: 17148684; PMCID: PMC1762477
Are activated T cells regulators of bone metabolism in children with Crohn disease?

Sylvester, F.A., Davis, P.M., Wyzga, N., Hyams, J.S., Lerer, T., 2006. J. Pediatr. 148, 461–466.

PMID: 16647405
Bortezomıb reduces serum dickkopf-1 and receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappaB ligand concentrations and normalises indices of bone remodelling in patients with relapsed multiple myeloma.

Terpos, E., Heath, D.J., Rahemtulla, A., Zervas, K., Chantry, A., Anagnostopoulos, A., Pouli, A., Katodritou, E., Verrou, E., Vervessou, E.-C., Dimopoulos, M.-A., Croucher, P.I., 2006. Br. J. Haematol. 135, 688–692.

PMID: 17107351
Association of 12 serum biochemical markers of angiogenesis, tumour invasion and bone turnover with bone metastases from breast cancer: a crossectional and longitudinal evaluation.

Voorzanger-Rousselot, N., Juillet, F., Mareau, E., Zimmermann, J., Kalebic, T., Garnero, P., 2006. Br. J. Cancer 95, 506–514.

PMID: 16880790; PMCID: PMC2360666
Circulating amounts of osteoprotegerin and RANK ligand: genetic influence and relationship with BMD assessed in female twins.

Abrahamsen, B., Hjelmborg, J.V., Kostenuik, P., Stilgren, L.S., Kyvik, K., Adamu, S., Brixen, K., Langdahl, B.L., 2005. Bone 36, 727–735.

PMID: 15781001
Increased bone resorption in HD patients: is it caused by elevated RANKL synthesis?

Avbersek-Luznik, I., Balon, B.P., Rus, I., Marc, J., 2005. Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. 20, 566–570.

PMID: 15665031
Low bone density and low serum levels of soluble RANK ligand are associated with severe arterial calcification in patients with Takayasu arteritis.

Bezerra, M.C., Calomeni, G.D., Caparbo, V.F., Gebrim, E.S., Rocha, M.S., Pereira, R.M.R., 2005. Rheumatology 44, 1503–1506.

PMID: 16219645
Specific biochemical markers of bone metabolism and cytokine study confirm the diagnosis of malignant infantile osteopetrosis at birth using cord blood sample.

Chan, M.H.M., Wong, K., Chan, I.H.S., Luo, Y.F., Tam, S., Lam, C.W.K., 2005. Pathology 37, 51–55

PMID: 15875734
Osteoprotegerin and RANKL in alcoholic liver cirrhosis.

Fábrega, E., Orive, A., García-Suarez, C., García-Unzueta, M., Antonio Amado, J., Pons-Romero, F., 2005. Liver Int. 25, 305–310.

PMID: 15780054
Relationships between the changes of serum levels of OPG and RANKL with age, menopause, bone biochemical markers and bone mineral density in Chinese women aged 20-75.

Liu, J.M., Zhao, H.Y., Ning, G., Zhao, Y.J., Chen, Y., Zhang, Z., Sun, L.H., Xu, M.-Y., Chen, J.L., 2005. Calcif. Tissue Int. 76, 1–6.

PMID: 15455183
Changes in osteoprotegerin/RANKL system, bone mineral density, and bone biochemicals markers in patients with recent spinal cord injury.

Maïmoun, L., Couret, I., Mariano-Goulart, D., Dupuy, A.M., Micallef, J.-P., Peruchon, E., Ohanna, F., Cristol, J.-P., Rossi, M., Leroux, J.-L., 2005. Calcif. Tissue Int. 76, 404–411.

PMID: 15812577
The RANKL/OPG system is activated in inflammatory bowel disease and relates to the state of bone loss.

Moschen, A.R., Kaser, A., Enrich, B., Ludwiczek, O., Gabriel, M., Obrist, P., Wolf, A.M., Tilg, H., 2005. Gut 54, 479–487.

PMID: 15753532; PMCID: PMC1774465
Osteoblast response to thermally oxidized Ti6Al4V alloy.

Saldaña, L., Vilaboa, N., Vallés, G., González-Cabrero, J., Munuera, L., 2005. J Biomed Mater Res A 73, 97–107.

PMID: 15704115
Osteoprotegerin and bone turnover markers in heavily pretreated HIV-infected patients.

Seminari, E., Castagna, A., Soldarini, A., Galli, L., Fusetti, G., Dorigatti, F., Hasson, H., Danise, A., Guffanti, M., Lazzarin, A., Rubinacci, A., 2005. HIV Med. 6, 145–150.

PMID: 15876279
The combination of intermediate doses of thalidomid е with d е xamethasone is an effective treatment for patients with refractory/relapsed multiple myeloma and normalizes abnormal bone remodeling, through the reduction of sRANKL/osteoprotegerin ratio.

Terpos, E., Mihou, D., Szydlo, R., Tsimirika, K., Karkantaris, C., Politou, M., Voskaridou, E., Rahemtulla, A., Dimopoulos, M.A., Zervas, K., 2005. Leukemia 19, 1969–1976.

PMID: 16079895
Dysregulated osteoprotegerin/RANK ligand/RANK axis in clinical and experimental heart failure.

Ueland, T., Yndestad, A., Øie, E., Florholmen, G., Halvorsen, B., Frøland, S.S., Simonsen, S., Christensen, G., Gullestad, L., Aukrust, P., 2005. Circulation 111, 2461–2468.

PMID: 15883214
The influence of Lys3Asn polymorphism in the osteoprotegerin gene on bone mineral density in Chinese postmenopausal women.

Zhao, H., Liu, J., Ning, G., Zhao, Y., Zhang, L., Sun, L., Xu, M., Uitterlinden, A.G., Chen, J., 2005. Osteoporos Int 16, 1519–1524.

PMID: 15782282
Bisphosphonate treatment does not affect serum levels of osteoprotegerin and RANKL in hypercalcemic cancer patients.

Zojer, N., Brenner, K., Beke, D., Kudlacek, S., Hawa, G., Woloszczuk, W., Hofbauer, L.C., Pecherstorfer, M., 2005. Anticancer Res. 25, 3607–3612

PMID: 16101188
Serum osteoprotegerin and receptor activator of nuclear factors kB (RANKL) concentrations in normal children and in children with pubertal precocity, Turner’s syndrome and rheumatoid arthritis.

Buzi, F., Maccarinelli, G., Guaragni, B., Ruggeri, F., Radetti, G., Meini, A., Mazzolari, E., Cocchi, D., 2004. Clin. Endocrinol. 60, 87–91

PMID: 14678293
T cells support osteoclastogenesis in an in vitro model derived from human multiple myeloma bone disease: the role of the OPG/TRAIL interaction.

Colucci, S., Brunetti, G., Rizzi, R., Zonno, A., Mori, G., Colaianni, G., Del Prete, D., Faccio, R., Liso, A., Capalbo, S., Liso, V., Zallone, A., Grano, M., 2004. Blood 104, 3722–3730.

PMID: 15308561
Interleukin (IL) 18 stimulates osteoclast formation through synovial T cells in rheumatoid arthritis: comparison with IL1ß and tumour necrosis factor α.

Dai, S., Nishioka, K., Yudoh, K., 2004. Ann Rheum Dis 63, 1379–1386.

PMID: 15479886; PMCID: PMC1754791
Increased expression of receptor activator of NF-kappaB ligand (RANKL), its receptor RANK and its decoy receptor osteoprotegerin in the colon of Crohn’s disease patients.

Franchimont, N., Reenaers, C., Lambert, C., Belaiche, J., Bours, V., Malaise, M., Delvenne, P., Louis, E., 2004. Clin. Exp. Immunol. 138, 491–498.

PMID: 15544627; PMCID: PMC1809233
Effects of oral contraceptives on circulating osteoprotegerin and soluble RANK ligand serum levels in healthy young women.

Hofbauer, L.C., Schoppet, M., Schüller, P., Viereck, V., Christ, M., 2004. Clin. Endocrinol. 60, 214–219

PMID: 14725683
Low bone density and abnormal bone turnover in patients with atherosclerosis of peripheral vessels.

Pennisi, P., Signorelli, S.S., Riccobene, S., Celotta, G., Di Pino, L., La Malfa, T., Fiore, C.E., 2004. Osteoporos Int 15, 389–395.

PMID: 14661073
Soluble RANKL and risk of nontraumatic fracture.

Schett, G., Kiechl, S., Redlich, K., Oberhollenzer, F., Weger, S., Egger, G., Mayr, A., Jocher, J., Xu, Q., Pietschmann, P., Teitelbaum, S., Smolen, J., Willeit, J., 2004. JAMA 291, 1108–1113.

PMID: 14996780
Serum osteoprotegerin but not receptor activator of NF-κB ligand correlates with Larsen score in rheumatoid arthritis.

Skoumal, M., Kolarz, G., Woloszczuk, W., Hawa, G., Klingler, A., 2004. Ann Rheum Dis 63, 216–217.

PMID: 14722219; PMCID: PMC1754876
Autologous stem cell transplantation normalizes abnormal bone remodeling and sRANKL/osteoprotegerin ratio in patients with multiple myeloma.

Terpos, E., Politou, M., Szydlo, R., Nadal, E., Avery, S., Olavarria, E., Kanfer, E., Goldman, J.M., Apperley, J.F., Rahemtulla, A., 2004. Leukemia 18, 1420–1426.

PMID: 15215875
Serum osteoprotegerin and its ligand in Paget’s disease of bone: relationship to disease activity and effect of treatment with bisphosphonates.

Alvarez, L., Peris, P., Guañabens, N., Vidal, S., Ros, I., Pons, F., Filella, X., Monegal, A., Muñoz-Gomez, J., Ballesta, A.M., 2003. Arthritis Rheum. 48, 824–828.

PMID: 12632438
Effect of anticoagulants and storage temperature on the stability of receptor activator for nuclear factor-kappa B ligand and osteoprotegerin in plasma and serum.

Chan, B.Y.Y., Buckley, K.A., Durham, B.H., Gallagher, J.A., Fraser, W.D., 2003. Clin. Chem. 49, 2083–2085.

PMID: 14633883
Familial severe congenital neutropenia associated with infantile osteoporosis: a new entity.

Elhasid, R., Hofbauer, L.C., Ish-Shalom, S., Ben-Arush, M., Koc, O., Rowe, J.M., Etzioni, A., 2003. Am. J. Hematol. 72, 34–37.

PMID: 12508266
Immunoassay for soluble RANKL (receptor activator of NF-kappaB ligand) in serum.

Hawa, G., Brinskelle-Schmal, N., Glatz, K., Maitzen, S., Woloszczuk, W., 2003. Clin. Lab. 49, 461–463

PMID: 14572201
Osteoprotegerin and sRANKL serum levels in multiple myeloma patients.

Kruk, B., Kraj, M., Centkowski, P., Sokołowska, U., 2003. Cent Eur J Immunol 27, 129–135
OPG and RANKL in serum and synovial fluids of patients with rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis and spondylarthropathy.

Krystufkova, O., Niederlova, J., Senolt, V., Hladikova, M., Ruzickova, S., Vencovsky, J., 2003. Arthritis Res Ther 5, 102.

PMID: null; PMCID: PMC2833669
Low serum levels of soluble RANK ligand are associated with the presence of coronary artery disease in men.

Schoppet, M., Schaefer, J.R., Hofbauer, L.C., 2003. Circulation 107, e76;

PMID: 12654623
High serum osteoprotegerin and low RANKL in primary biliary cirrhosis.

Szalay, F., Hegedus, D., Lakatos, P.L., Tornai, I., Bajnok, E., Dunkel, K., Lakatos, P., 2003. J. Hepatol. 38, 395–400

PMID: 12663228
Unusual association between increased bone resorption and presence of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria phenotype in multiple myeloma.

Terpos, E., Samarkos, M., Meletis, C., Apostolidou, E., Tsironi, M., Korovesis, K., Mavrogianni, D., Viniou, N., Meletis, J., 2003a. Int. J. Hematol. 78, 344–348

PMID: 14686493
Soluble receptor activator of nuclear factor kappaB ligand-osteoprotegerin ratio predicts survival in multiple myeloma: proposal for a novel prognostic index.

Terpos, E., Szydlo, R., Apperley, J.F., Hatjiharissi, E., Politou, M., Meletis, J., Viniou, N., Yataganas, X., Goldman, J.M., Rahemtulla, A., 2003. Blood 102, 1064–1069.

PMID: 12689925
Effect of systemic glucocorticoid therapy on bone metabolism and the osteoprotegerin system in patients with active Crohn’s disease.

von Tirpitz, C., Epp, S., Klaus, J., Mason, R., Hawa, G., Brinskelle-Schmal, N., Hofbauer, L.C., Adler, G., Kratzer, W., Reinshagen, M., 2003. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 15, 1165–1170.

PMID: 14560148
Pamidronat е is an effective treatment for osteoporosis in patients with beta-thalassaemia.

Voskaridou, E., Terpos, E., Spina, G., Palermos, J., Rahemtulla, A., Loutradi, A., Loukopoulos, D., 2003. Br. J. Haematol. 123, 730–737

PMID: 14616979
Human myeloma cells stimulate the receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B ligand (RANKL) in T lymphocytes: a potential role in multiple myeloma bone disease.

Giuliani, N., Colla, S., Sala, R., Moroni, M., Lazzaretti, M., La Monica, S., Bonomini, S., Hojden, M., Sammarelli, G., Barillè, S., Bataille, R., Rizzoli, V., 2002. Blood 100, 4615–4621.

PMID: 12393684
Decreased bone density, elevated serum osteoprotegerin, and beta-cross-laps in Wilson disease.

Hegedus, D., Ferencz, V., Lakatos, P.L., Meszaros, S., Lakatos, P., Horvath, C., Szalay, F., 2002. J. Bone Miner. Res. 17, 1961–1967.

PMID: 12412803
Osteoprotegerin deficiency and juvenile Paget’s disease.

Whyte, M.P., Obrecht, S.E., Finnegan, P.M., Jones, J.L., Podgornik, M.N., McAlister, W.H., Mumm, S., 2002. N. Engl. J. Med. 347, 175–184.

PMID: 12124406
Elevated levels of osteoprotegerin (OPG) and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) in rheumatoid arthritis.

Feuerherm, A.J., Borset, M., Seidel, C., Sundan, A., Leistad, L., Ostensen, M., Faxvaag, A., 2001. Scand. J. Rheumatol. 30, 229–234

PMID: 11578019

1 Review

Rated 5.00 out of 5

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Rated 5 out of 5

18 May, 2021

We have been using the Biomedica ELISA kits for measurements of OPG and soluble RANKL in several contexts and are very pleased with how well they perform both in terms of specificity and reproducibility. For the RANKL kit the measurements are validated by no measurable free soluble RANKL when analyzing culture media where a RANKL inhibitor has been added. Furthermore, we have measured the proteins in a range of human body fluids as well as in tissue and cell culture media and the kits work both when larger and smaller concentrations are measured and when samples are diluted.

Martin Blomberg Jensen,MD, DMSc, Andrologist, Leader, Group of Skeletal, Mineral and Gonadal endocrinology – 18 May, 2021

Contents	Description	Quantity
PLATE	Detachable microtiter strips pre-coated with recombinant human OPG in a strip holder, packed in aluminum bag with desiccant	12 x 8 tests
WASHBUF	Wash buffer concentrate 20 x, natural cap	1 x 50 ml
STD	Standards 1-7 (0; 0.0625; 0.125; 0.25; 0.5; 1; 2 pmol/l), lyophilized, white caps	7 vials
CTRL	Control A and B, recombinant human RANKL in human serum, yellow caps, lyophilized, exact concentrations see label	2 vials
ASYBUF	Assay buffer, red cap, ready to use	1 x 7 ml
AB	Polyclonal goat anti-human sRANKL antibody - biotin labeled, green cap, ready to use	1 x 22 ml
CONJ	Conjugate (streptavidin-polyHRP), amber cap, ready to use	1 x 22 ml
SUB	Substrate (TMB solution), amber bottle, blue cap, ready to use	1 x 22 ml
STOP	Stop solution, white cap, ready to use	1 x 7 ml

Molecular weight	20 kDa (soluble form)
Cellular localisation	Intracellular, membrane, secreted
Post-translational modifications	Cleavage, glycosylation
Sequence similarities	Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) cytokine family
Alternative names	TNF Superfamily Member, Tumor Necrosis Factor (Ligand) Superfamily, Member TNF-Related Activation-Induced Cytokine, Osteoclast Differentiation Factor, Osteoprotegerin Ligand, TRANCE, RANKL, OPGL, ODF, Receptor Activator Of Nuclear Factor Kappa B Ligand, Tumor Necrosis Factor Ligand Superfamily Member, Tumor Necrosis Factor Superfamily Member, Tumor Necrosis Factor Ligand 6B, CD254 Antigen, HRANKL, TNLG6B, CD254, OPTB2, SOdf
Entrez/NCBI ID	8600
Genecards	TNFSF11
OMIM	602642
PDB	3URF; 1S55; 1JTZ; 3ME2; 4E4D; 4GIQ; 3QBQ; 5BNQ; 1IQA
Pfam	PF00229
Protein Atlas	TNFSF11
Uniprot ID	O14788

FREE soluble RANKL HS ELISA | BI-20462

RANKL ELISA Product Overview

RANKL ELISA Assay Principle

RANKL ELISA Typical Standard Curve

RANKL ELISA Kit Components

Sample Collection & Storage

Serum & Plasma

Reagent Preparation

Wash Buffer

Standards & Controls

Sample Preparation

RANKL ELISA Assay Protocol

Calculation of Results

RANKL Protein

RANKL Function

Literature

Calibration

RANKL ELISA Detection Limit & Sensitivity

RANKL ELISA Precision

Within-Run Precision

In-Between-Run Precision

RANKL ELISA Accuracy

RANKL ELISA Parallelism

RANKL ELISA Specificity

Competition of Signal

Cross-Reactivity

Sample Stability

Freeze-Thaw Stability

Whole Blood Stability

Sample Stability at Room Temperature

Sample Stability at +4°C

Sample Values

Free Soluble RANKL Values in Apparently Healthy Individuals

Matrix Comparison

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1.	Pipette 700 µl of distilled or deionized water into each standard (STD) and control (CTRL) vial. The exact concentration is printed on the label of each vial.
2.	Leave at room temperature (18-26°C) for 15 min. Vortex gently.

1.	Bring reagents and samples to room temperature (18-26°C).
2.	Mark position for STD/CTRL/SAMPLE (standard/control/sample) on the protocol sheet.
3.	Take microtiter strips out of the aluminum bag. Store unused strips with desiccant at 4°C (2-8°C) in the aluminum bag. Strips are stable until the expiry date stated on the label.
4.	Prewash wells with 300 µl diluted WASHBUF (wash buffer) five times. Remove remaining WASHBUF by strongly tapping plate against paper towel after the last wash.
5.	Pipette 50 µl ASYBUF (assay buffer, natural cap) into each well.
6.	Add 150 µl STD/CTRL/SAMPLE in duplicates into the respective wells.
7.	Cover the plate tightly and incubate for 2 hours at room temperature (18-26°C).
8.	Aspirate and wash wells 5 x with 300 µl diluted WASHBUF. After the final wash, remove the remaining WASHBUF by strongly tapping the plate against a paper towel.
9.	Add 200 µl AB (biotinylated anti-sRANKL antibody, green cap) into each well. Swirl gently.
10.	Cover tightly and incubate at 4°C (2-8°C) overnight (18-24 hours).
11.	Aspirate and wash wells 5 x with 300 µl diluted WASHBUF. After the final wash, remove the remaining WASHBUF by strongly tapping plate against a paper towel.
12.	Add 200 µl CONJ (conjugate, amber cap) into each well, swirl gently.
13.	Cover tightly and incubate for 1 hour at room temperature in the dark.
14.	Aspirate and wash wells 5 x with 300 µl diluted WASHBUF. After the final wash, remove remaining WASHBUF by strongly tapping plate against a paper towel.
15.	Add 200 µl SUB (substrate, blue cap) into each well.
16.	Incubate for 30 min at room temperature in the dark.
17.	Add 50 µl STOP (stop solution, white cap) into each well.
18.	Measure absorbance immediately at 450 nm with reference 630 nm, if available.

FREE soluble RANKL HS ELISA | BI-20462

RANKL ELISA Product Overview

RANKL ELISA Assay Principle

RANKL ELISA Typical Standard Curve

RANKL ELISA Kit Components

Sample Collection & Storage

Serum & Plasma

Reagent Preparation

Wash Buffer

Standards & Controls

Sample Preparation

RANKL ELISA Assay Protocol

Calculation of Results

RANKL Protein

RANKL Function

Literature

Calibration

RANKL ELISA Detection Limit & Sensitivity

RANKL ELISA Precision

Within-Run Precision

In-Between-Run Precision

RANKL ELISA Accuracy

RANKL ELISA Parallelism

RANKL ELISA Specificity

Competition of Signal

Cross-Reactivity

Sample Stability

Freeze-Thaw Stability

Whole Blood Stability

Sample Stability at Room Temperature

Sample Stability at +4°C

Sample Values

Free Soluble RANKL Values in Apparently Healthy Individuals

Matrix Comparison

Request more information

Contact Us

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