We´re excited to offer our customers a significant price drop by 15% on our
human Interleukin-6 ELISA kit (cat. no. BI-IL6)
Quality and fully validated assay with ready to use reagents for affordable and efficient research!
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Making IL-6 ELISA Kits More Affordable
Take 15% OFF of the human IL-6 ELISA Assay now through end of 2024!
BIOMEDICA´s human Interleukin-6 (IL-6) ELISA Assay is highly sensitive and shows detectable values in serum and in plasma samples.
Features & Benefits
- High Specificity – using characterized epitope-mapped antibodies
- High Sensitivity – detectable values in both serum and plasma
- Superior Quality – validated according to international quality guidelines
- Standardized – use of WHO intern.standards for kit calibration & harmonization
- User-Friendly –ready to use color coded prediluted standards & controls
BIOMEDICA Human IL-6 ELISA kit
- Product code: BI-IL6
- Method: ELISA
- Time to result: 4.5 hours
- Sample types: human serum, plasma (EDTA, citrate, heparin), cell culture supernatants, urine
- Sample volume: 100 µl/well
- Sensitivity LOD: 0.28 pg/ml (measurable concentrations in serum AND plasma samples!)
- Standard curve range: 0 – 200 pg/ml (0 / 3.12 / 6.25 / 12.5 / 25/ 50 / 100 / 200)
- Specificity: Endogenous and recombinant human IL-6
- Protokol booklet
- Validation data file
About Interleukin-6
Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a multifunctional cytokine that plays an important role in the body´s response to tissue injury or infection. Il-6 is produced by various cells, including T-cells, B-cells, macrophages, as well as vascular endothelial cells, mast cells, and dentritic cells (1). Il-6 secretion is stimulated during inflammatory response and travels through the bloodstream to the liver, where it induces the production of acute phase reactants such as C-reactive protein and others (1).
Clinical significance of Interleukin-6
-Inflammatory diseases: elevated IL-6 levels are detected in various inflammatory conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis (2), systemic lupus erythematosus (3) , and inflammatory bowel disease (4). Therapies targeting Il-6 have been already approved (5).
-Cancer: Il-6 is abundantly present in the tumor microenvironment of various tumours. It promotes tumnorigenesis, invasiveness, and metastases in cancer (6). New perspectives in cancer immunotherapy targeting IL-6 are discussed (7).
-Metabolic diseases: Dysregulated IL-6 activity is associated with pathologies involving chronic inflammation and autoimmunity including metabolic diseases like obesity, metabolic syndrome or type-2 diabetes (8).
Literature
- Interleukin 6: at the interface of human health and disease. Grebenciucova E et al., Front Immunol. 2023; 28;14:1255533. PMID: 37841263.
- Interleukin-6 in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Pandolfi F et al., Int J Mol Sci. 2020 ; 23;21(15):5238. PMID: 32718086; PMCID:.
- Role of IL-6 and IL-6 targeted therapy in systemic lupus erythematosus. Nepal D, Gazeley D. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2023; 1;62(12):3804-3810. PMID: 37594751.
- Cytokines of the interleukin-6 family as emerging targets in inflammatory bowel disease. Garbers C, Lokau J. Expert Opin Ther Targets. 2024; 28(1-2):57-65. PMID: 38217849.
- Therapeutic uses of anti-interleukin-6 receptor antibody. Kang S et al., Int Immunol. 2015; 27(1):21-9. PMID: 25142313.
- The Role of IL-6 in Cancer Cell Invasiveness and Metastasis-Overview and Therapeutic Opportunities. Rašková M et al., Cells. 2022; 21;11(22):3698. PMID: 36429126.
- New perspectives in cancer immunotherapy: targeting IL-6 cytokine family. Soler MF et al., J Immunother Cancer. 2023; 11(11):e007530. PMID: 37945321.
- IL-6 family cytokines as potential therapeutic strategies to treat metabolic diseases. Zhao J et al., Cytokine. 2021; 144:155549. PMID: 33962843
for ELISA and Luminex Assays and microRNA Analysis
Biomedica Immunoassays is dedicated to developing and producing high-quality ELISA assay kits.
Building on this foundation, we also specialize in providing customized sample testing services for customers in academia, biotechnology, and the pharmaceutical industries.
Sample Testing Services
for ELISA and Luminex Assays and microRNA Analysis
Share the details of your project with us! At Biomedica, our scientists will consult with you to discuss your project and provide scientific and/or technical support for your ongoing research, ensuring reliable and relevant results. We will supply you with raw data as well as a professionally formatted analytical report.
We offer:
- Customized Services – Flexibility to meet your project needs
- Expertise – Trained and experienced laboratory staff
- Quality Assurance – High-quality equipment adhering to strict quality guidelines
- Timeliness – Rapid turn-around times to meet your deadlines
- Reliability – Verified results with comprehensive analytical reports
Sample Testing Services for ELISA and Luminex Assays and microRNA Analysis
We will measure your clinical or pre-clinical samples for any selected biomarker using ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) or Luminex.
- Clinical Samples: serum, plasma, urine, cell culture supernatants
- Pre-Clinical Samples: mouse, rat, rabbit, or other species (e.g., NT-proBNP or NT-proANP measurement)
- Custom Applications: contact us for tailored solutions
Click here to learn about the workflow. Our measurement services include:
ELISA Assay Kits
We offer services for our proprietary Biomedica assays (see product list) as well as ELISA Assay Kits from other providers, covering a wide range of biomarker analytes.
Luminex Technology Multiplex Assays
We utilize Luminex xMAP® (multiple analyte profiling) technology-based immunoassays to measure your samples, enabling the simultaneous detection and quantification of multiple biomarkers.
For additional details, please refer to our workflow chart or reach out to us directly to discuss how we can support your specific research project
NEXT-GENERATION SEQUENCING & RT-qPCR MICRORNA SERVICES
We provide a comprehensive range of high-quality RNA services, including RNA extraction, next-generation sequencing (NGS), RT-qPCR, and custom analysis of microRNA signatures, all performed by our experienced laboratory staff. Our services include:
- RNA extraction from biofluids (serum, plasma, extracellular vesicles), cells, and tissues (quality control of total RNA utilizes Bioanalyzer chips).
- Next-generation sequencing (NGS).
- RT-qPCR.
- Cell-type specific microRNA/mRNA analysis in complex tissues, along with custom analysis of microRNA signatures.
For more details about our microRNA services, please visit our website or contact us directly.
Further reading
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay: Types and Applications. Hayrapetyan H et al., Methods Mol Biol. 2023;2612:1-17. doi: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2903-1_1. PMID: 36795355.
A comprehensive review of Dynamic Chemical Labelling on Luminex xMAP technology: a journey towards Drug-Induced Liver Injury testing. Marín-Romero A, Pernagallo S Anal Methods. 2023 Nov 23;15(45):6139-6149. doi: 10.1039/d3ay01481a. PMID: 37965948.
Circulating microRNAs as novel biomarkers for bone diseases – Complex signatures for multifactorial diseases? Hackl M et al., Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2016 Sep 5;432:83-95. doi: 10.1016/j.mce.2015.10.015. Epub 2015 Oct 23. PMID: 26525415.
Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the arterial wall leading to the formation of atherosclerotic plaques (1). It is the primary cause of cardiovascular disease, affecting millions of individuals every year. Despite advances in our understanding of the disease, the exact mechanisms involved in plaque formation are not yet fully understood.
LRG-1 promotes calcification in atherosclerosis
In an attempt to gain insight into the complex processes in the development of atherosclerosis, researchers identified for the first time the molecule Leucine-Rich Alpha-2 Glycoprotein-1 (LRG1) that contributes directly to vascular calcification in mice (2). The authors suggest that LRG1 is linked to the development of plaque complications in patients with atherosclerosis. LRG1 may be a novel therapeutic target to slow down the calcification process that remains a challenge in patients with diabetes and chronic renal failure (2). Learn more about the study: Leucine-Rich Alpha-2 Glycoprotein 1 Accumulates in Complicated Atherosclerosis and Promotes Calcification.
About Leucine-Rich α-2 Glycoprotein 1 (LRG1)
LRG1* is a protein that is primarily synthesized and secreted by the liver and immune cells. It is involved in numerous conditions including lung, kidney, and heart disease. The pathogenic roles of LRG1 in these diseases are often linked to its effects on the vasculature (3). A recent review by Dritsoula A. and colleauges summarizes the multifaceted role of LRG in disrupting the vasculature. LRG has been reported to damage blood vessels in conditions such as cancer, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, ocular disease, and lung disease. Furthermore, therapeutic targeting of LRG1 has been widely proposed as a strategy to restore quienscent endothelium and normalize vasculature (4).
*LRG also named LRG1 (leucine-rich alpha-2-glycoprotein) is a glycoprotein with a molecular mass of 38.2 kDa (https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P02750). It is encoded by the human gene LRG-1.
Quantification of LRG1 in human samples
LRG1 can easily be quantified in human samples (serum, plasma, urine, cell culture supernatants) with a conventional ELISA* assay method.
*The ELISA technique is an immunoassay method that provides a tool to detect or quantify the concentration of a specific analyte in a sample (serum, plasma, urine, cell-culture supernatant).
Check out the LRG1 ELISA protocol booklet – day test and our poster on “Novel ELISA for the quantification of human leucine-rich α-2 glycoprotein (LRG) in serum and plasma”
LRG ELISA – developed and manufactured by BIOMEDICA (cat. no. BI-LRG)
- Full validation – data can be found here.
- LRG values available for normal and pathological samples
- Results in 3.5 hours
- ELISA kit includes 2x controls, 7x standards (for ready standard curve)
Contact us for your special study discount!
Literature
- The changing landscape of atherosclerosis. Libby P. Nature. 2021 Apr;592(7855):524-533. PMID: 33883728.
- Leucine-Rich Alpha-2 Glycoprotein 1 Accumulates in Complicated Atherosclerosis and Promotes Calcification. Grzesiak L, Amaya-Garrido A, Feuillet G, Malet N, Swiader A, Sarthou MK, Wahart A, Ramel D, Gayral S, Schanstra JP, Klein J, Laffargue M. Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Nov 20;24(22):16537. PMID: 38003727.
- LRG1: an emerging player in disease pathogenesis. Camilli C, Hoeh AE, De Rossi G, Moss SE, Greenwood J. J Biomed Sci. 2022 Jan 21;29(1):6. PMID: 35062948.
- The disruptive role of LRG1 on the vasculature and perivascular microenvironment. Dritsoula A, Camilli C, Moss SE, Greenwood J.Front Cardiovasc Med. 2024 Apr 30;11:1386177. PMID: 38745756.
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a hereditary neuromuscular disease that leads to progressive muscle fiber degeneration and weakness. There is no cure for this disease and current therapy consists on treatment with glycocorticoids (GC). GC therapy is linked to risk of bone loss and increased fracture risk. Despite their adverse effects GC remain the standard care to slow down disease progression (2).
Steroid therapy and fracture prevention in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
This recent study explored factors that are associated with incident fracture risk in glucocorticoid (GC)-treated patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD): Risk Factors Associated with Incident Vertebral Fractures in Steroid-treated Males with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy. Brief, vertical fractures (VF) were prospectively evaluated in 38 males with Duchenne muscular dystrophy at study baseline and 12 months . The authors concluded the following: ” The observation that ≥ 1 prevalent VF and/or non-VF were the strongest predictors of incident VFs at 12 months supports the need for prevention of first fractures in this high-risk setting. Bone age delay, a marker of GC exposure, may assist in the prioritization of patients in efforts to prevent first fractures.”
Steroid therapy and fracture prevention in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy – The Biomedica IL-6 and Sclerostin ELISA were highlighted in this study.
High Sensitivity IL-6 ELISA (cat. no. BI-IL6) – measurable values in serum and plasma samples.
- Format: 12×8 wells
- Sensitivity: 0.28 pg/ml
- Dynamic Range: 0-200 pg/ml
- Assay Time: 4 hours 30 minutes
- Sample Type: Serum, Plasma, Cell Culture Supernatants, Urine
- Sample Volume: 100 µl
- Alternative Name: Interleukin 6
- Kit includes 7 pre-diluted calibrators and 2 controls
Sclerostin ELISA (cat. no. BI-20492)
- Format: 12×8 wells
- Sensitivity: 3.2 pmol/l (= 72 pg/ml)
- Dynamic Range: 0 to 240 pmol/l (=0-5400 pg/ml)
- Assay Time: 18-25h (overnight incubation) / 1 h /30 min
- Sample Type: Serum, Plasma, Cell Culture Supernatants, Urine
- Sample Volume: 20 µl
- Alternative Name: SOST
- Kit includes 6 pre-diluted calibrators and 1 control
Are you planning a study? Contact us to learn about our promotions info@bmgrp.com
Literature
1.Risk Factors Associated with Incident Vertebral Fractures in Steroid-treated Males with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy. Phung K, McAdam L, Ma J, McMillan HJ, Jackowski S, Scharke M, Matzinger MA, Shenouda N, Koujok K, Jaremko JL, Wilson N, Walker S, Hartigan C, Khan N, Page M, Robinson ME, Saleh DS, Smit K, Rauch F, Siminoski K, Ward LM.J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2023 Aug 23:dgad435. doi: 10.1210/clinem/dgad435. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 37610420.
Abstract
Purpose: Prevention of fractures is an unmet need in glucocorticoid (GC)-treated Duchenne muscular dystrophy. This study explored factors associated with incident vertebral fractures (VFs) to inform future fracture prevention efforts. Methods: VFs were evaluated prospectively at study baseline and 12 months on lateral spine radiographs in participants aged 4 to 25 years with Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Clinical factors were analyzed for their association with the change in Spinal Deformity Index (sum of the Genant-defined VF grades from T4 to L4) between baseline and 12 months. Results: Thirty-eight males were evaluated (mean ± SD age at baseline 11.0 ± 3.6 years; mean ± SD GC duration at baseline 4.1 ± 3.1 years; 74% ambulatory). Nine of 38 participants (24%) had 17 incident VFs, of which 3/17 VFs (18%) were moderate/severe. Participants with 12-month incident VF had lower mean ± SD baseline lumbar spine areal bone mineral density Z-scores (-2.9 ± 1.0 vs -1.9 ± 1.1; P = .049) and lower total body less head areal bone mineral density Z-scores (-3.1 ± 1.2 vs -1.6 ± 1.7; P = .036). Multivariable linear regression showed that at least 1 VF at baseline (P < .001), a higher number of antecedent non-VF (P < .001), and greater bone age delay at baseline (P = .027) were significant predictors of an increase in the Spinal Deformity Index from baseline to 12 months. Conclusion: The observation that ≥ 1 prevalent VF and/or non-VF were the strongest predictors of incident VFs at 12 months supports the need for prevention of first fractures in this high-risk setting. Bone age delay, a marker of GC exposure, may assist in the prioritization of patients in efforts to prevent first fractures.
2. Emerging therapies for Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Markati T, Oskoui M, Farrar MA, Duong T, Goemans N, Servais L. Lancet Neurol. 2022 Sep;21(9):814-829. doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(22)00125-9. Epub 2022 Jul 15. PMID: 35850122.
Cardiovascular toxicity (CV) plays a significant role in the failure of drug development. The use of blood-based biomarkers provides a way to detect CV toxicity during the preclinical stage, enabling the prioritization of compounds that show a lower risk inducing such adverse effects.
Cardiac Safety Biomarkers
The natriuretic peptides NT-proANP and NT-proBNP are cardiac hormones that are secreted when the heart muscle stretches. These peptides can be measured in blood samples and are well-known preclinical safety biomarkers used throughout drug development e.g NT-proBNP and NT-proANP – markers of drug-induced hypertrophy in rats (1-3).
BIOMEDICA provides robust ELISA assays for the accurate measurement of the these cardiac hormones for both human and rodent samples.
BIOMEDICA´s NT-proANP ELISA kit (BI-20892) has been independently validated in preclinical toxicology testing in rats:
In brief, the assay was evaluated by the Predictive Safety Testing Consortium, Cardiac Hypertrophy Working Group (PSTC—CHWG) in a cross-laboratory (5 laboratories) analytical assessment for use with rat samples. In summary, the assay has proven to be robust and technically adequate for the detection of NT-proANP serum levels in SD rats.
NT-proANP ELISA assay (cat. no. BI-20892)
- 10 µl / well, serum or plasma
- widely cited as cardiovascular safety biomarker in rats
- for use in human and non-human samples (high cross-reactivity between species)
Rat NT-pro BNP ELISA assay (cat. no. BI-1204R) NEW
contact us for your special evaluation discount info@bmgrp.com
- 10 µl / well, serum or plasma
- kit control included
- sample values provided
Example of a Biomedica ELISA kit
PRODUCT INFORMATION
- Product code: BI-20892
- Method: ELISA
- Time to result: 3.5 hours
- Sample types: Serum, plasma, urine, cell culture supernatant (human, rat, mouse samples)
- Sample volume: 10 µl/well
- Sensitivity LOD: 0.05 nmol/l (= 0.64 ng/ml)
- Standard curve range: 0 – 10 nmol/l (= 0 – 127 ng/ml)
- Specificity: Endogenous and recombinant human NT-proANP (equivalent to proANP 1-98). Very high sequence homology between human and rodent (rat, mouse, and other species e.g. rabbit).
- NT-proANP ELISA assay is suitable for rat and mouse samples
- Instructions for use: click here
- Product code: BI-1204R
- Method: ELISA
- Time to result: 3.5 hours
- Sample types: rat serum and plasma
- Sample volume: 10 µl/well
- Sensitivity LOD: 21 pg/ml
- Standard curve range: 0 – 3200 pg/ml
- Specificity: Endogenous and recombinant rat NT-proBNP
- Instructions for use click here
Also available:
NT-proBNP human ELISA (cat. no. SK-1204), CE-marked, kit includes 2 controls
CARDIAC SAFETY BIOMARKER ASSAYS in PRECLINICAL TOXICOLOGY TESTING
References/Citations/Related Literature
All Citations on NT-proANP as a cardiovascular safety biomarker in rat and mouse samples , click for all references
- Cross-laboratory analytical validation of the cardiac biomarker NT-proANP in rat. Vinken P, Reagan WJ, Rodriguez LA, Buck WR, Lai-Zhang J, Goeminne N, Barbacci G, Liu R, King NM, Engle SK, Colton H.J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods. 2016; 77:58-65. doi: 10.1016/j.vascn.2015.10.002. PMID: 26516096.
- Cardiac Hypertrophy Working Group of the Predictive Safety Testing Consortium. Serum Natriuretic Peptides as Differential Biomarkers Allowing for the Distinction between Physiologic and Pathologic Left Ventricular Hypertrophy. Dunn ME et al., Toxicol Pathol. 2017; 45(2):344-352.
- Natriuretic Peptides as Cardiovascular Safety Biomarkers in Rats: Comparison With Blood Pressure, Heart Rate, and Heart Weight. Engle SK, Watson DE.Toxicol Sci. 2016; 149(2):458-72. doi: 10.1093/toxsci/kfv240. Epub 2015 Nov 25. PMID: 26609138.
Rat NT-proBNP and NT-proANP ELISA assays for drug discovery and translational research
Cardiac toxicity is a leading cause of preclinical safety failures in drug development. The cardiac markers NT-proANP and NT-proBNP have proven to be useful in preclinical toxicology testing.
Cardiac Safety Biomarker Assays in Preclinical Toxicology Testing
The BIOMEDICA NT-proANP and NT-proBNP ELISA kits are robust assays to quantify these cardiac hormones in rat samples. Due to the high inter-species homology the NT-proANP kit has also been applied in canine and feline samples.
BIOMEDICA´s NT-proANP ELISA kit (BI-20892) is widely published and has been independently validated for cardiovascular safety studies in rats (1, 2).
Rat NT-proBNP ELISA assay (cat. no. BI-1204R) NEW
contact us for your special evaluation discount info@bmgrp.com
- 10 µl / well, serum or plasma
- kit control included
- sample values provided
NT-proANP ELISA assay (cat. no. BI-20892)
- 10 µl / well, serum or plasma
- widely cited as cardiovascular safety biomarker in rats
- for use in human and non-human samples (high cross-reactivity between species)
PRODUCT INFORMATION
Rat NT-proBNP ELISA
- Product code: BI-1204R
- Method: ELISA
- Time to result: 3.5 hours
- Sample types: rat serum and plasma
- Sample volume: 10 µl/well
- Sensitivity LOD: 21 pg/ml
- Standard curve range: 0 – 3200 pg/ml
- Specificity: Endogenous and recombinant rat NT-proBNP
- Instructions for use click here
- Product code: BI-20892
- Method: ELISA
- Time to result: 3.5 hours
- Sample types: Serum, plasma, urine, cell culture supernatant (human, rat, mouse samples)
- Sample volume: 10 µl/well
- Sensitivity LOD: 0.05 nmol/l (= 0.64 ng/ml)
- Standard curve range: 0 – 10 nmol/l (= 0 – 127 ng/ml)
- Specificity: Endogenous and recombinant human NT-proANP (equivalent to proANP 1-98). Very high sequence homology between human and rodent (rat, mouse, and other species e.g. rabbit).
- NT-proANP ELISA assay is suitable for rat and mouse samples
- Instructions for use: click here
CARDIAC SAFETY BIOMARKER ASSAYS in PRECLINICAL TOXICOLOGY TESTING
References/Citations/Related Literature
NT-proANP as a cardiovascular safety biomarker in rat and mouse samples , click for all references
- Cross-laboratory analytical validation of the cardiac biomarker NT-proANP in rat. Vinken P, Reagan WJ, Rodriguez LA, Buck WR, Lai-Zhang J, Goeminne N, Barbacci G, Liu R, King NM, Engle SK, Colton H.J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods. 2016 Jan-Feb;77:58-65. doi: 10.1016/j.vascn.2015.10.002. Epub 2015 Oct 26. PMID: 26516096.
- Natriuretic Peptides as Cardiovascular Safety Biomarkers in Rats: Comparison With Blood Pressure, Heart Rate, and Heart Weight. Engle SK, Watson DE.Toxicol Sci. 2016 Feb;149(2):458-72. doi: 10.1093/toxsci/kfv240. Epub 2015 Nov 25. PMID: 26609138.
Abstract
Cardiovascular (CV) toxicity is an important cause of failure during drug development. Blood-based biomarkers can be used to detect CV toxicity during preclinical development and prioritize compounds at lower risk of causing such toxicities. Evidence of myocardial degeneration can be detected by measuring concentrations of biomarkers such as cardiac troponin I and creatine kinase in blood; however, detection of functional changes in the CV system, such as blood pressure, generally requires studies in animals with surgically implanted pressure transducers. This is a significant limitation because sustained changes in blood pressure are often accompanied by changes in heart rate and together can lead to cardiac hypertrophy and myocardial degeneration in animals, and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in humans. Increased concentrations of NPs in blood correlate with higher risk of cardiac mortality, all-cause mortality, and MACE in humans. Their utility as biomarkers of CV function and toxicity in rodents was investigated by exploring the relationships between plasma concentrations of NTproANP and NTproBNP, blood pressure, heart rate, and heart weight in Sprague Dawley rats administered compounds that caused hypotension or hypertension, including nifedipine, fluprostenol, minoxidil, L-NAME, L-thyroxine, or sunitinib for 1-2 weeks. Changes in NTproANP and/or NTproBNP concentrations were inversely correlated with changes in blood pressure. NTproANP and NTproBNP concentrations were inconsistently correlated with relative heart weights. In addition, increased heart rate was associated with increased heart weights. These studies support the use of natriuretic peptides and heart rate to detect changes in blood pressure and cardiac hypertrophy in short-duration rat studies.
Try Biomedica’s Cytokine ELISA Kits for free!
Annoyed wasting valuable resources by inefficient tests?
Order your free trial Cytokine ELISA kit – offer valid until 12/31/22.
Contact us at Biomedica: info@bmgrp.com
Discover Biomedica’s Cytokine Kits – Use code: Biomedica FREE CytELISA Promotion – CN040010:
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Full validation package- assays are optimized for clinical samples
developed & manufactured by Biomedica. Austrian Quality.
IL-6 (Interleukin-6) high sensitivity
VEGF low sample volume – 10µl
ANGIOPOIETIN-2 optimized assay range
All kits include color coded, ready to use prediluted standards and controls.
Citations
Ana-Maria Suciu Andreea, Jacqueline Wallwitz, Berg Gabriela, Maria Laber Anna, Himmler Gottfried. Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation, Volume 34, Issue Supplement_1, June 2019, gfz103.SP339, https://doi.org/10.1093/ndt/gfz103.SP339
Click here to view poster: ERA-EDTA Poster 2019 Human Angiopoietin-2
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2) is an important regulator of the angiopoietin-1/Tie-2 receptor signaling system on endothelial cells during angiogenesis. Disruption of this signaling leads to the loss of endothelial integrity and renders the endothelium response towards a variety of pro-inflammatory cytokines and growth factors. Thus, Ang-2 might lead to vascular micro-inflammation in patients with CKD (chronic kidney disease). Ang-2 levels increase with CKD stage, are associated with fluid overload and abnormal cardiac structure and predict mortality in patients with CKD stages 4–5. Although Ang-2 levels return toward normal after successful kidney transplantation, Ang-2 remains a putative cardiovascular risk factor in this population.
METHODS: An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of all three angiopoietin-2 isoforms in human serum and plasma was developed. Two high quality antibodies are combined in a sandwich test format: As capturing antibody a recombinant monoclonal antibody is used. A biotin-labeled polyclonal affinity-purified antibody serves for detection of the analyte. High resolution epitope mapping of the antibodies via peptide microarray technology allowed the identification of linear antibody epitopes. Technical performance and accuracy of the assay were assessed according to ICH/EMEA guidelines.
RESULTS: Microarray data illustrate the binding of the polyclonal detection antibody to human angiopoietin-2 spotted on a chip. Altogether, seven linear epitopes located N-terminal/at the center of angiopoietin-2 were detected. Most relevant linear epitopes are epitope e2 in the super clustering region and e6 near the fibrinogen-like domain, displaying a twofold higher fluorescent signal than the remaining epitopes. For the recombinant monoclonal antibody no fluorescence was recorded. This antibody recognizes a structural epitope within the C-terminus of angiopoietin-2, which covers the bioactive receptor-binding site of the protein. We expect to detect all described angiopoietin-2 isoforms, as the receptor-binding site is conserved and the majority of the polyclonal antibody epitopes are present in all isoforms. This assay is in conformance with ICH/EMEA/FDA guidelines. Validation data demonstrate its applicability in nephrological disorders including chronic kidney disease. Here we compare an apparently healthy population to chronic kidney disease samples on haemodialysis and kidney transplant samples.
CONCLUSIONS: This new angiopoietin-2 ELISA enables a quick and accurate quantification of all human angiopoietin-2 isoforms that are bioactive in chronic kidney disease and other nephrological disorders.
RELATED LITERATURE
- Molnar et al. (2014): Circulating angiopoietin-2 levels predict mortality in kidney transplant recipients: a 4-year prospective case–cohort study. Transplant International, 27 (6): 541-52. 2. David et al. (2010): Circulating angiopoietin-2 levels increase with progress of chronic kidney disease. Nephrol. Dial. Transplant, 25: 2571-2579,
- Tsai et al. (2017): The interaction between fluid status and angiopoietin-2 in adverse renal outcomes of chronic kidney disease. PLoS One, 12 (3): e173906.
- Tsai et al. (2016): Angiopoietin-2, Angiopoietin-1 and subclinical cardiovascular disease in Chronic Kidney Disease. Scientific Reports, 6:39400
BIOMEDICA & QUALITY
Looking for a reliable ELISA kit for your research?
Use Biomedica kits as your new standard for trustworthy results.
Reliable ELISA kits
From product development to manufacturing, Biomedica ELISA kits go through a complete validation process.
Contact us for your special evaluation discount by email info@bmgrp.com or call us at our headquarter in Vienna / Austria: +43 1 29107 45 .
We validate our ELISA assays according to international quality standards
The international recognized regulatory forces that issue technical quality guidelines for the validation of bioanalytical methods are:
- FDA (US Food and Drug Administration)
- EMEA (European Medicines Agency)
- ICH (International Conference on Harmonization of Technical Requirements for Registration of Pharmaceuticals for Human Use)
Their main objective is to demonstrate the reliability of a test to determine the concentration of an analyte in a specific biological matrix (e.g. serum, plasma, urine).
Reliable ELISA kits for your research
All Biomedica immunoassays are validated for multiple sample matrices according to above quality guidelines. Our validation experiments include:
- Accuracy
- Dilution linearity – parallelism
- Specificity
- Cross-reactivity
- Sensitivity
- Precision
- Calibration
- Stability
We Guarantee the Performance of our Products – reliable ELISA kits
Understanding the importance of high quality, we at Biomedica we offer fully validated ELISA kits for your research.
- We optimize all our ELISA kits for reliability, sensitivity, precision, and ease-of-use.
- Our development, production and customer service teams consist of doctorate-level and industry-trained scientists with long-standing research experience.
- Biomedica’s manufacturing process conforms to the ISO 9001:2015 certified quality management system.
To ensure continued customers’ satisfaction, we strive to meet the highest quality standards and continuously work on improving both our products and manufacturing process.
For further details on our validation process come and visit our quality site.
Test our high-quality ELISA kits for your research and ask for your special evaluation discount.
Contact us by email info@bmgrp.com or call us at our office in Vienna – Austria: +43 1 29107 45 .
Cancer research for the prevention and early recognition of cancer
Promoting cancer research to beat cancer: prevention and early detection of cancer is essential to control the disease. Understanding the causes of cancer and the ability to detect cancer sooner has a great impact on the survival and the outcome of patients.
Subsequently, early detection strategies and progress in diagnostic procedures will help to develop treatments to control the disease.
Promoting cancer research:
Exploring new biomarkers may help to identify the disease early.
Biomedica offers a range of novel biomarker ELISA kits for your cancer research.
Novel research biomarkers for cancer research include: Periostin, Neuropilin-1, Semaphorin 4D
A range of cytokine ELISA kits complete the panel: Interleukin-6, VEGF, Angiopoietin-2 .
See our comprehensive “Oncology Biomarker Brochure “ for more information or contact us directly info@bmgrp.com .
We will be glad to meet you.
RELATED LITERATURE:
Promoting Cancer Early Diagnosis – https://www.who.int
“Early diagnosis of cancer focuses on detecting symptomatic patients as early as possible so they have the best chance for successful treatment. When cancer care is delayed or inaccessible there is a lower chance of survival, greater problems associated with treatment and higher costs of care. Early diagnosis improves cancer outcomes by providing care at the earliest possible stage and is therefore an important public health strategy in all settings…” Read more
Pelosi E, Castelli G, Testa U.Ann Ist Super Sanita. 2019 Oct-Dec;55(4):371-379. doi: 10.4415/ANN_19_04_11. PMID: 31850865.
Abstract
The burden of cancer is increasing worldwide, with a continuous rise of the annual total cases. Although mortality rates due to cancer are declining in developed countries, the total number of cancer deaths continues to rise due to the increase in the number of aged people. Three main causes of cancer have been described, represented by environmental factors, hereditary factors and random factors related to defects originated during cell replication. The frequency of cancers is very different for the various tissues and there is great debate on the extent of the specific contribution of environmental factors and random factors (due to “bad luck”) to cancer development. However, there is consensus that about 50% of all cases of cancer are related to environment and are preventable. Although a part of cancers is related to intrinsic mechanisms non preventable of genetic instability, it is evident that implementation of primary and secondary prevention measures is the only affordable strategy to meet from a medical and economic point of view the tremendous pressure created on healthcare structures by the increased cancer burden. It is time to bypass the paradox of disease prevention: celebrated in principle, resisted in practice.
Ovarian Cancer Biomarkers: Moving Forward in Early Detection
Bonifácio VDB. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2020;1219:355-363. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-34025-4_18. PMID: 32130708.
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is a silent cancer which rate survival mainly relays in early stage detection. The discovery of reliable ovarian cancer biomarkers plays a crucial role in the disease management and strongly impact in patient’s prognosis and survival. Although having many limitations CA125 is a classical ovarian cancer biomarker, but current research using proteomic or metabolomic methodologies struggles to find alternative biomarkers, using non-invasive our relatively non-invasive sources such as urine, serum, plasma, tissue, ascites or exosomes. Metabolism and metabolites are key players in cancer biology and its importance in biomarkers discovery cannot be neglected. In this chapter we overview the state of art and the challenges facing the use and discovery of biomarkers and focus on ovarian cancer early detection.
Keywords: Cancer biomarkers; Early detection; Metabolomics; Ovarian cancer; Proteomics; Urine biomarkers.
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Related reviews:
IL-6 in inflammation, autoimmunity and cancer. Hirano T. Int Immunol. 2021. 33(3):127-148. Full text link.
Abstract:
IL-6 is involved both in immune responses and in inflammation, hematopoiesis, bone metabolism and embryonic development. IL-6 plays roles in chronic inflammation (closely related to chronic inflammatory diseases, autoimmune diseases and cancer) and even in the cytokine storm of corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Acute inflammation during the immune response and wound healing is a well-controlled response, whereas chronic inflammation and the cytokine storm are uncontrolled inflammatory responses. Non-immune and immune cells, cytokines such as IL-1β, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) and transcription factors nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) play central roles in inflammation. Synergistic interactions between NF-κB and STAT3 induce the hyper-activation of NF-κB followed by the production of various inflammatory cytokines. Because IL-6 is an NF-κB target, simultaneous activation of NF-κB and STAT3 in non-immune cells triggers a positive feedback loop of NF-κB activation by the IL-6–STAT3 axis. This positive feedback loop is called the IL-6 amplifier (IL-6 Amp) and is a key player in the local initiation model, which states that local initiators, such as senescence, obesity, stressors, infection, injury and smoking, trigger diseases by promoting interactions between non-immune cells and immune cells. This model counters dogma that holds that autoimmunity and oncogenesis are triggered by the breakdown of tissue-specific immune tolerance and oncogenic mutations, respectively. The IL-6 Amp is activated by a variety of local initiators, demonstrating that the IL-6–STAT3 axis is a critical target for treating diseases.
VEGF inhibition in urothelial cancer: the past, present and future. Ghafouri S, Burkenroad A, Pantuck M, Almomani B, Stefanoudakis D, Shen J, Drakaki A. World J Urol. 2021. 39(3):741-749. Abstract link.
Abstract:
Purpose: To describe the role of anti-angiogenic agents that have been used as a treatment approach for locally advanced or metastatic urothelial cancers and to propose future directions.
Methods: PubMed/MEDLINE was searched for articles related to VEGF inhibition and locally advanced or metastatic urothelial cancer.
Results: Angiogenesis is a fundamental process for urothelial cancer initiation and progression. First-line therapy for locally advanced or metastatic urothelial cancer includes cisplatin-based chemotherapy combinations; subsequent systemic therapy includes taxanes, nanoparticle albumin-bound (nab) paclitaxel, or pemetrexed. More recently, several anti-PD-L1 and anti-PD-1 antibodies have shown promising activity in the first-line and post-platinum setting; however, immunotherapy remains ineffective in most patients. FGFR inhibitor erdafitinib was recently approved in the third-line setting. Studies on bevacizumab, pazopanib and ramucirumab have shown improved response rates when added to chemotherapy in selected patients, but have not led to overall survival (OS) benefit in randomized controlled studies.
Conclusion: Anti-angiogenic agents have shown promise in recent studies treating locally advanced or metastatic urothelial cancer. However, further work is needed to elucidate ideal treatment combinations in selected patient populations to maximize benefit, with the ultimate goal of being added to the FDA-approved treatment armamentarium for this disease.
Angiopoietin inhibitors: A review on targeting tumor angiogenesis. Parmar D, Apte M. Eur J Pharmacol. 2021. 5;899:174021. Abstract link.
Abstract:
Angiogenesis is the process of formation of new blood vessels from existing ones. Vessels serve the purpose of providing oxygen, nutrients and removal of waste from the cells. The physiological angiogenesis is a normal process and is required in the embryonic development, wound healing, menstrual cycle. For homeostasis, balance of pro angiogenic factors and anti angiogenic factors like is important. Their imbalance causes a process known as “angiogenic switch” which leads to various pathological conditions like inflammation, tumor and restenosis. Like normal cells, tumor cells also require oxygen and nutrients to grow which is provided by tumor angiogenesis. Hence angiogenic process can be inhibited to prevent tumor growth. This gives rise to study of anti angiogenic drugs. Currently approved anti angiogenic drugs are mostly VEGF inhibitors, but VEGF inhibitors have certain limitations like toxicity, low progression free survival (PFS), and resistance to anti VEGF therapy. This article focuses on angiopoietins as alternative and potential targets for anti angiogenic therapy. Angiopoietins are ligands of Tie receptor and play a crucial role in angiogenesis, their inhibition can prevent many tumor growths even on later stages of development. We present current clinical and preclinical stages of angiopoietin inhibitors. Drugs studied in the article are selective as well as non-selective inhibitors of angiopoietin 2 like Trebananib (AMG 386), AMG 780, REGN 910, CVX 060, MEDI 3617 and dual inhibitors of angiopoietin 2 and VEGF like Vanucizumab and RG7716. The angiopoietin inhibitors show promising results alone and in combination with VEGF inhibitors in various malignancies.
Recent updates in the clinical trials of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies targeting cytokine storm for the management of COVID-19. Patel S, Saxena B, Mehta P. Heliyon. 2021. 7(2):e06158. Full text link.
Abstract:
Clinical studies have identified a cytokine storm in the third stage of disease progression in critical ill patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Hence, effectively suppressing the uncontrolled immune response of the host towards the invaded viruses in a cytokine storm is a critical step to prevent the deterioration of patient conditions and decrease the rate of mortality. Therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are found to be effective for the management of acute respiratory distress syndrome in patients with COVID-19. In this review, we compiled all therapeutic mAbs targeting cytokine storm, which are in clinical trials for its repurposing in the management of COVID-19. Compilation of clinical trial data indicated that therapeutic monoclonal antibodies targeting interleukins (IL-6, IL-1ra, IL-8, IL-1β, IL-17A, IL-33), interferon-gamma, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, P-selectin, connective tissue growth factor, plasma kallikrein, tumor necrosis factor superfamily 14, granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor, colony stimulating factor 1 receptor, C-C chemokine receptor type 5, cluster of differentiation 14 and 147, vascular endothelial growth factor, programmed cell death protein-1, Angiopoietin – 2, human factor XIIa, complementary protein 5, natural killer cell receptor G2A, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2, immunoglobulin-like transcript 7 receptor, complement component fragment 5a receptor and viral attachment to the human cell were under investigation for management of severely ill patients with COVID-19. Among these, about 65 clinical trials are targeting IL-6 inhibition as the most promising one and Tocilizumab, an IL-6 inhibitor is considered to be the potential candidate to treat cytokine storm associated with the COVID-19.
Cytokines are small proteins released by cells that act as molecular messengers. They are part of the immune system and regulate various inflammatory responses as the regulation of the body’s response to disease and infection.
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Researchers identified the soluble bone metabolism biomarker DKK-1 to be independently associated with future cardiovascular events, which are primarily driven by increased risk of stroke.
Associations of Serum Dickkopf‐1 and Sclerostin With Cardiovascular Events: Results From the Prospective Bruneck Study.
Klingenschmid G et al., JAHA 2020; Mar 17;9(6):e014816.
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Biomedica Medizinprodukte GmbH
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Biomedica Medizinprodukte GmbH
Divischgasse 4, 1210 Vienna, Austria
Biomedica Medizinprodukte GmbH
Divischgasse 4, 1210 Vienna, Austria
Biomedica Medizinprodukte GmbH
Divischgasse 4, 1210 Vienna, Austria
Biomedica Medizinprodukte GmbH
Divischgasse 4, 1210 Vienna, Austria
Biomedica Medizinprodukte GmbH
Divischgasse 4, 1210 Vienna, Austria
Biomedica Medizinprodukte GmbH
Divischgasse 4, 1210 Vienna, Austria
Biomedica Medizinprodukte GmbH
Divischgasse 4, 1210 Vienna, Austria
Biomedica Medizinprodukte GmbH
Divischgasse 1210 Vienna,
Austria